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中国生物防治学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (3): 593-604.DOI: 10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2025.02.033

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

烟草靶斑病拮抗菌株MLY-3的筛选及发酵条件优化

向丹东1, 肖钦之2, 王灿2, 邓征宇2, 刘峰2, 肖志鹏2, 熊有明2, 王冰1, 梅斯钇1, 彭静3, 刘天波2, 唐前君1   

  1. 1. 湖南农业大学植物保护学院, 长沙 410128;
    2. 中国烟草总公司湖南省公司, 长沙 410004;
    3. 湖南省植物保护研究所, 长沙 410125
  • 收稿日期:2024-08-06 发布日期:2025-06-20
  • 通讯作者: 刘天波, 唐前君
  • 作者简介:向丹东,女,硕士研究生,E-mail: 3469200462@qq.com;肖钦之,男,农艺师,E-mail: xwiao@126.com;通信作者,刘天波,高级农艺师,E-mail: tianboliu@126.com;唐前君,教授,E-mail: Tangqianjun@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    湖南省重点领域研发计划(2023NK2019);湖南省烟草公司永州市公司科技项目(YZ2023KJ02);中国烟草总公司项目(110202101050(LS-10),110202201019(LS-03),110202201027(LS-11));湖南省烟草公司衡阳市公司项目(HYYC2023KJ32);湖南省农业科技创新资金项目(2023CX40);长沙市自然科学基金(kq2208072)

Screening of Antagonistic Strain MLY-3 against Tobacco Target Spot and Its Optimization of Fermentation Conditions

XIANG Dandong1, XIAO Qinzhi2, WANG Can2, DENG Zhengyu2, LIU Feng2, XIAO Zhipeng2, XIONG Youming2, WANGBing1, MEI Siyi1, PENG Jing3, LIU Tianbo2, TANG Qianjun1   

  1. 1. College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;
    2. Hunan Provincial Tobacco Company, Changsha 410004, China;
    3. Hunan Plant Protection Institute, Changsha 410004, China
  • Received:2024-08-06 Published:2025-06-20

摘要: 烟草靶斑病为危害烟草生产的重要叶部病害,筛选烟草靶斑病生防菌株,优化菌株发酵条件,是防治该病害的重要手段。为防治烟草靶斑病,本研究采用稀释涂布平板法和平板对峙试验从健康烟草根际土壤中分离生防菌株,平板对峙试验结果表明,菌株MLY-3对烟草靶斑病菌Rhizoctonia solani有显著的拮抗作用,抑制率为80.92%。镜检发现对峙情况下烟草靶斑病菌菌丝出现扭曲和畸形。形态学观察、生理生化特性检测以及分子生物学鉴定结果表明,菌株MLY-3为铜绿假单胞菌Pseudomonas aeruginosa。单因素试验和正交试验结果表明,菌株MLY-3最佳发酵培养基组分为甘露醇10 g/L、牛肉膏5 g/L和MgCl2 7.5 g/L,最佳发酵条件为初始pH 5.5、接种量3%、温度30℃和发酵时间36 h,优化后菌株无菌发酵液对烟草靶斑病菌的抑制率提高了53.8%。菌株MLY-3菌悬液对烟草靶斑病的田间防治效果为70.03%,生防应用潜能较大。

关键词: 烟草靶斑病, 铜绿假单胞菌, 发酵条件优化, 防治效果

Abstract: Tobacco target spot is an important leaf disease that endangers tobacco production, and it is important to screen biocontrol strains against R. solani and optimize the fermentation conditions of the strains. To control tobacco target spot, biocontrol strains were isolated from the rhizosphere soil of healthy tobacco by dilution coating plate method and plate confrontation test. Strain MLY-3 with 80.92% inhibition rate against R. solani was screened out. Microscopic examination revealed that strain MLY-3 induced distortion and deformity of the mycelium during confrontation culture. Strain MLY-3 was identified as P. aeruginosa by morphological observation, physiological and biochemical detection and molecular analysis. Single factor test and orthogonal test results showed that the optimal fermentation medium components of strain MLY-3 were as follows: mannitol 10 g/L, beef extract 5 g/L and MgCl2 7.5 g/L. The optimal fermentation conditions were as follows: initial pH 5.5, inoculum 3%, temperature 30℃ and time 36 h. The inhibition rate of its aseptic fermentation broth against R. solani was increased by 53.8% under optimal fermentation conditions. The field control effect of strain MLY-3 fermentation broth against tobacco target spot was 70.03%, indicating great potential for biocontrol application. This study enriched the biocontrol resource of tobacco target spot and laid the foundation for its application.

Key words: tobacco target spot, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, optimization of fermentation conditions, control effect

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