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中国生物防治学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 887-894.DOI: 10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2025.02.043

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

贝莱斯芽孢杆菌BV-3的鉴定及其对玉米小斑病的防效

吴梦菁1,2, 黄鹏1, 张杰1, 郑璐平2, 余德亿1, 林胜2, 吴祖建2, 姚锦爱1   

  1. 1. 福建省农业科学院植物保护研究所/福建省作物有害生物监测与治理重点实验室/福建省作物有害生物绿色防控工程研究中心, 福州, 350013;
    2. 福建农林大学, 福州 350002
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-06 发布日期:2025-08-15
  • 通讯作者: 吴祖建, 姚锦爱
  • 作者简介:吴梦菁,硕士研究生,E-mail: 1007451692@qq.com;通信作者,吴祖建,教授,E-mail: wuzujian@126.com;姚锦爱,研究员,E-mail: yaoja@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划课题(2023YFD1401503);福建省属公益类科研院所专项(2023R1022004,2023R1071);福建省农业高质量发展超越“ 5511”协同创新工程项目(XTCXGC2021011和XTCXGC2021017);福建省对外合作项目(2024I0007)

Identification of Bacillus velezensis BV-3 and Its Control Effect on Southern Corn Leaf Blight

WU Mengjing1,2, HUANG Peng1, ZHANG Jie1, ZHENG Luping2, YU Deyi1, LIN Sheng2, WU Zujian2, YAO Jinai1   

  1. 1. Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests/Fujian Engineering Research Center for Green Pest Management, Fuzhou 350013, China;
    2. Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
  • Received:2025-03-06 Published:2025-08-15

摘要: 玉蜀黍平脐蠕孢Bipolaris maydis引起的玉米小斑病近年来在福建玉米种植区蔓延为害。为获得对该病害具有良好防效的生防菌株,本研究采用平板稀释法从玉米根际土壤分离拮抗细菌,采用平板对峙法测定不同分离菌株的抑菌活性,筛选拮抗效果良好的菌株进行种类鉴定及抑菌谱和盆栽防效测定。结果表明,从土壤分离获得25株单孢菌株,初筛出3株对玉蜀黍平脐蠕孢具有明显抑制作用的菌株,其中菌株BV-3的抑制带宽最大,达18.04 mm;经形态学、生理生化特征和16S rDNA基因系统发育分析,确认菌株BV-3为贝莱斯芽孢杆菌Bacillus velezensis。该菌株抑菌谱广,对玉米叶斑病5种病原真菌均有良好的抑制作用。盆栽试验结果表明,菌株BV-3发酵液对抗病品种‘新中玉801’和感病品种‘闽甜986’的玉米小斑病7~14 d防效分别达73.72%~92.00%和68.27%~84.62%。可见,贝莱斯芽孢杆菌BV-3可有效防治玉米小斑病,具有良好的生防应用前景。

关键词: 玉米小斑病, 贝莱斯芽孢杆菌, 筛选鉴定, 生物防治

Abstract: Southern corn leaf blight caused by Bipolaris maydis has been spreading and causing significant damage in corn-growing regions of Fujian Province. To obtain effective biological control bacteria against southern corn leaf blight, various antagonistic bacteria were isolated from corn rhizosphere soil by the plate dilution method and the antibacterial activity of the isolated strains were determined by the plate confrontation method. Then the strains demonstrating strong antagonism were subsequently identified, and their antibacterial spectrum and pot control efficiency were evaluated. The results showed that 25 monospore strains were isolated from the soil, and 3 strains exhibited significant inhibitory effects against B. maydis. The strain BV-3 domonstrated the strongest antagonism with the inhibition zone width of 18.04 mm. Based on morphological, physiological, biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA phylogenetic analysis, the strain BV-3 was identified as Bacillus velezensis. This strain displayed a broad antibacterial spectrum and showed good inhibitory effect against 5 pathogenic fungi of corn leaf spot disease. In pot experiment, the control efficacies of strain BV-3 against southern corn leaf spot on resistant variety ‘Xin Zhong Yu 801’ and susceptible variety ‘Min tian 986’ varieties reached 73.72%~92.00% and 68.27%~84.62% in 7~14 days, respectively. In conclusion, Bacillus velezensis BV-3 effectively controls southern corn leaf blight and demonstrates significant potential as a biocontrol agent.

Key words: southern corn leaf blight, Bacillus velezensis, screening and identification, biological control

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