薄荷属植物挥发油GC-MS成分分析及其对金线莲尖孢镰刀菌的抑菌活性成分挖掘

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2025.02.050

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探索薄荷属植物挥发油对金线莲茎腐病病原菌尖孢镰刀菌的抑菌活性及其中的主要抑菌成分，通过水蒸汽蒸馏法提取10种薄荷属植物挥发油，菌丝生长抑制法测定不同挥发油对尖孢镰刀菌的抑菌活性并对供试精油进行主成分分析，明确其中主要抑菌成分。结果表明，10种挥发油均有一定的抑菌活性，其中苹果薄荷和香蕉薄荷的抑菌活性最强，浓度为1.25 mL/L时可极显著优于原生种薄荷挥发油和阳性对照制霉菌素（50 mg/L），对金线莲尖孢镰刀菌最小完全抑制浓度（MIC）分别为0.61和13.30 mL/L。通过气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）技术对10种挥发油进行挥发性成分分析，结合抑菌率差异进行主成分分析、主贡献成分的预测及验证，发现其中胡椒烯酮（piperitenone）为薄荷属植物挥发油中对尖孢镰刀菌具抑制活性的主贡献成分之一。

关键词: 挥发油, 尖孢镰刀菌, 薄荷, 抑菌活性

Abstract: The present study aims to evaluate the antifungal activitity of 10 q essential oils against Fusarium oxysporum, the causal agent of Anoectochilus Stem Rot. The phytochemicals of 10 q essential oils were also determined and qualified by GC-MS methods. Based on the results, The M. suaveolens Ehrhart and M. arvensis ‘Banana’ EOs had the strongest antifungus activity, extremely significantly better than M. canadensis essential oils and nystatin (50 mg/L) at 1.25 mL/L, which were used as standard controls. The inhibitory rates of M. suaveolens and M. arvensis essential oils against F. oxysporum with an MIC value of 0.61 and 13.30 mL/L respectively. Piperitenone was identified as a major component in Mentha essential oils.

Key words: essential oil, Fusarium oxysporum, Mentha, antibacterial activity

中图分类号:

S432

李珊珊, 林宝妹, 林洪涛, 邹晖, 张明辉, 杨敏, 吴维坚. 薄荷属植物挥发油GC-MS成分分析及其对金线莲尖孢镰刀菌的抑菌活性成分挖掘[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2025, 41(4): 959-974.

LI Shanshan, LIN Baomei, LIN Hongtao, ZOU Hui, ZHANG Minghui, YANG Min, WU Weijian. Chemical Composition of Menthas Essential Oils and Their Antifungal Activity in Controlling Fusarium oxysporum, Causal Agent of Anoectochilus Stem Rot[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2025, 41(4): 959-974.

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