内生真菌38L1和G3-23作为小麦种子引发剂的抗病及促生潜力效应研究

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2026.02.018

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 种子引发是一项操作简便、成本低廉、可有效提升作物生产性能的种子处理技术。为拓展植物内生真菌黑附球菌Epicoccum nigrum 38L1和锐顶镰孢菌Fusarium acuminatum G3-23在生物防治中的应用方式，本研究采用菌株对小麦种子进行引发处理，评估其促生作用及对赤霉病和茎基腐病的防控潜力。结果表明，菌株38L1和G3-23的引发处理均能提升小麦株高、有效分蘖数、每穗实粒数、根长及根重等生长指标；对赤霉病和茎基腐病具有明显防控效果，最高防效分别为45.45%和50.84%。防御酶检测显示，处理组小麦PAL、POD、SOD活性显著升高，表明菌株可通过增强植株防御反应来提高抗病性。本研究为内生真菌38L1和G3-23的开发应用提供了技术依据，也为小麦赤霉病和茎基腐病的绿色防控提供了新途径。

关键词: 种子引发, 内生真菌, 小麦赤霉病, 小麦茎基腐病, 促生

Abstract: Seed bio-priming is a simple and cost-effective technique that enhances crop performance by improving seed germination and seedling establishment. In this study, we investigated the potential of seed bio-priming with endophytic fungi Epicoccum nigrum 38L1 and Fusarium acuminatum G3-23 to promote wheat growth and suppress Fusarium head blight(FHB) and crown rot(FCR), with a particular focus on the underlying defense mechanisms. The results showed that priming with both strains significantly enhanced agronomic traits such as plant height, effective tiller number, kernel number per spike, root length and root weight. Moreover, primed plants displayed strong disease resistance, achieving maximum control efficacies of 45.45% against FHB and 50.84% against FCR. Measurement of defense-related enzyme activities in wheat leaves revealed that both treatments significantly induced the activities of PAL, POD, and SOD, suggesting an enhanced defensive response and improved disease resistance in plants. By concurrently promoting growth and activating defense mechanisms, seed bio-priming with strains 38L1 and G3-23 emerges as an effective strategy for the integrated management of FHB and FCR in wheat. This dual-action approach provides a sustainable solution for disease control and underscores the potential of these endophytic fungi as promising biocontrol agents for green agriculture.

Key words: seed priming, endophytic fungi, wheat Fusarium head blight, wheat crown rot, growth promotion

中图分类号:

S476

袁成珂, Clement Nzabanita, 安琦, 王燕飞, 王双超, 郭立华, 方守国. 内生真菌38L1和G3-23作为小麦种子引发剂的抗病及促生潜力效应研究[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2026, 42(3): 591-599.

YUAN Chengke, Clement Nzabanita, AN Qi, WANG Yanfei, WANG Shuangchao, GUO Lihua, FANG Shouguo. Investigation of Endophytic Fungal Strains 38L1 and G3-23 as Seed Priming Bioagents for Biocontrol and Growth Enhancement in Wheat[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2026, 42(3): 591-599.

/ 推荐

参考文献

[1] 马林昊.用于小麦赤霉病和茎基腐病绿色防控的翠绿聚孢霉620种衣剂和菌肥的初步研发及效果评估[D].西北农林科技大学, 2023.
[2] Yang X, Zhang Z, Yuan Y, et al. Control efficiency of hexaconazole-lentinan against wheat sharp eyespot and wheat crown rot and the associated effects on rhizosphere soil fungal community[J]. Frontiers in Microbiology, 2022, 13:1014969.
[3] Summerell B A. Resolving Fusarium:Current status of the genus[J]. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 2019, 57(1):323-339.
[4] Pereira C B, Ward T J, Tessmann D J, et al. Fusarium subtropicale, sp. nov., a novel nivalenol mycotoxin-producing species isolated from barley(Hordeum vulgare)in Brazil and sister to F. praegraminearum[J]. Mycologia, 2018, 110(5):860-871.
[5] Aoki T, Vaughan M M, McCormick S P, et al. Fusarium dactylidis sp. nov., a novel nivalenol toxin-producing species sister to F. pseudograminearum isolated from orchard grass(Dactylis glomerata)in Oregon and New Zealand[J]. Mycologia, 2015, 107(2):409-418.
[6] 陈云,王建强,杨荣明,等.小麦赤霉病发生危害形势及防控对策[J].植物保护, 2017, 43(5):11-17.
[7] 赵立尚,朱统泉,宋全昊,等.小麦茎基腐病及其防治技术的研究进展[J].农业灾害研究, 2024, 14(4):188-190.
[8] 巨亚雯,徐蓬,付佑胜,等.内生真菌发酵液对小麦赤霉病的防治研究[J].浙江农业科学, 2024, 65(6):1429-1433.
[9] 郑坤,程庭峰,林鹏程,等.植物内生真菌及其生物活性研究进展[J].青海科技, 2024, 31(4):98-109.
[10] 陈贝贝,章逸松,叶岳宇,等.内生真菌对农作物促生抗逆作用研究进展[J].中国植保导刊, 2024, 44(3):19-26.
[11] Vishwas S, Chaurasia A, Bara B, et al. Effect of priming on germination and seedling establishment of chickpea(Cicer arietinum L.)seeds[J]. Journal of pharmacognosy and phytochemistry, 2017, 6(4):72-74.
[12] Sturz A, Christie B, Nowak J. Bacterial endophytes:potential role in developing sustainable systems of crop production[J]. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 2000, 19(1):1-30.
[13] 白娜娜,姜海燕,狄佳麟.植物内生真菌生防作用研究进展[J].林业调查规划, 2024, 49(1):163-166.
[14] 何美仙.植物内生真菌作为生防因子的研究进展[J].植物保护, 2005, 51(1):10-14.
[15] 任锡跃,李艳冰,陈严平,等. 4株滇重楼内生真菌诱导甾体皂苷合成机制[J].分子植物育种, 2024, 22(8):2762-2771.
[16] 李金,闫思远,陈思杰,等.枸杞内生真菌NQ8GⅡ4定殖促生作用研究[J].西北农业学报, 2023, 32(3):479-487.
[17] 隋丽,万婷玉,路杨,等.内生真菌对植物促生、抗逆作用研究进展[J].中国生物防治学报, 2021, 37(6):1325-1331.
[18] 岳婧怡,郁阳,汤强,等.霍山石斛内生真菌抗病原真菌研究[J].长江大学学报(自科版), 2018, 15(22):43-45, 6.
[19] Barra-Bucarei L, France Iglesias A, Gerding González M, et al. Antifungal activity of Beauveria bassiana endophyte against Botrytis cinerea in two Solanaceae crops[J]. Microorganisms, 2019, 8(1):65.
[20] 曲正.核盘菌弱毒株DT-8生物引发油菜种子技术研发及其促进油菜抗病机理[D].武汉:华中农业大学, 2020.
[21] 姚东伟,吴凌云,沈海斌,等.种子引发技术研究与应用进展[J].上海农业学报, 2020, 36(5):153-160.
[22] 古安平,陆晓玲,李云川.种子生物引发处理研究进展[J].中国种业, 2024(10):27-34.
[23] Compant S, Samad A, Faist H, et al. A review on the plant microbiome:ecology, functions, and emerging trends in microbial application[J]. Journal of advanced research, 2019, 19:29-37.
[24] 张康康,侯丹平,谭金松,等.种子引发技术及其提高抗旱性的机制[J].耕作与栽培, 2021, 41(3):38-44, 53.
[25] Shukla N, Awasthi R P, Rawat L, et al. Seed biopriming with drought tolerant isolates of Trichoderma harzianum promote growth and drought tolerance in Triticum aestivum[J]. Annals of Applied Biology, 2015, 166(2):171-182.
[26] TamindžićG, MiljakovićD, Ignjatov M, et al. Impact of simultaneous nutrient priming and biopriming on soybean seed quality and health[J]. Plants,2024, 13(18):2557.
[27] Nzabanita C, Zhang L, Zhao H, et al. Fungal endophyte Epicoccum nigrum 38L1 inhibits in vitro and in vivo the pathogenic fungus Fusarium graminearum[J]. Biological Control, 2022, 174:105010.
[28] 张梦宁,朱文亭,张时雨,等.拮抗假禾谷镰孢菌的LZ-7菌株筛选、鉴定及其生防潜能[J].河南农业大学学报, 2024, 58(4):618-626.
[29] 李亚波,张文健,何丽萍,等.不同生物引发条件对番茄冷胁迫下种子活力和幼苗生理特性的影响[J].南方农业学报, 2024, 55(2):531-539.
[30] 李月.种子引发对披碱草和老芒麦抗旱性的影响[D].长春:吉林农业大学, 2022.
[31] 宋小双,张瑶,李亚洲,等.植物内生真菌多样性及功能研究进展[J].中国农学通报, 2024, 40(30):114-118.
[32] Zhang Y, Yu X, Zhang W, et al. Interactions between endophytes and plants:beneficial effect of endophytes to ameliorate biotic and abiotic stresses in plants[J]. Journal of plant biology, 2019, 62(1):1-13.
[33] 王延俊.小麦茎基腐病的发生与防治[J].基层农技推广, 2022, 10(6):57-59.
[34] 姚东伟,吴凌云,沈海斌,等.种子引发技术研究与应用进展[J].上海农业学报, 2020, 36(5):153-160.
[35] 李振华,王建华.种子活力与萌发的生理与分子机制研究进展[J].中国农业科学, 2015, 48(4):646-660.
[36] 刘阳,袁会珠,闫晓静,等.种子引发与引发种子药剂处理研究进展[J].种子, 2024, 43(1):76-83.