金龟子绿僵菌与几种杀虫剂混配对二化螟的毒力及田间防效评价

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2025.09.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 二化螟对水稻的为害逐年加重，且对化学农药的抗性不断增强，为筛选防治二化螟的高效低毒药剂组合，采用浸虫法和饲料混药法，测定了金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421分别与甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐、阿维菌素、甲氧虫酰肼、溴氰虫酰胺、四唑虫酰胺和氯虫苯甲酰胺混配后对二化螟幼虫的室内毒力及其增效作用，并进一步评价了不同药剂组合对敏感品系二化螟的盆栽、池栽与田间防效。研究结果显示，几种杀虫剂对二化螟的室内毒力由大到小排序为甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐、阿维菌素、甲氧虫酰肼、金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421、溴氰虫酰胺、四唑虫酰胺和氯虫苯甲酰胺。当金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421以LC₅₀浓度分别与6种杀虫剂（各为LC₅₀浓度）混配使用对其孢子萌发率均无显著影响，且金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421与四唑虫酰胺、溴氰虫酰胺、甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐、氯虫苯甲酰胺、甲氧虫酰肼和阿维菌素按照体积比1:1、1:1、3:1、3:1、1:3和1:1混配时，对二化螟的校正死亡率最高，其共毒系数分别为83.75、246.87、233.80、157.56、651.07和170.66。在盆栽、池栽与大田试验中，金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421与甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐的混配（3:1）对二化螟的防效最高，分别为86.32%、95.12%和93.65%。综合以上结果，金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421与几种杀虫剂按比例混配对二化螟的防治效果均好于单剂，为实现二化螟的高效药剂防控和农药减量增效提供实践借鉴和技术支持。

关键词: 金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421, 杀虫剂, 混配, 二化螟, 毒力测定, 田间防效

Abstract: The damage caused by Chilo suppressalis to rice has been increasing year by year, and its resistance to chemical pesticides has been continuously strengthening. In order to screen out high-effective and low-toxic insecticides combinations for the control of C. suppressalis, the leaf-dip method and diet incorporation method were used to determine the laboratory toxicity and synergistic effects of Metarhizium anisopliae CQMa421 combined with emamectin benzoate, avermectin, methoxyfenozide, cyantraniliprole, tetraniliprole, and chlorantraniliprole against C. suppressalis. The control efficiency of different pesticide combinations on the susceptible strain of C. suppressalis was further evaluated using potted plants, pond-cultured plants and in the field. The results showed that the toxicity of the insecticides against C. suppressalis ranked from high to low were emamectin benzoate, avermectin, methoxyfenozide, M. anisopliae CQMa421, cyantraniliprole, tetraniliprole, and chlorantraniliprole. When M. anisopliae CQMa421 was mixed with each of six insecticides at an LC₅₀ concentration, spore germination rate of the fungi was not affected. M. anisopliae CQMa421 mixed with tetraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, emamectin benzoate, chlorantraniliprole, methoxyfenozide, and avermectin at an active ingredient ratio of 1:1, 1:1, 3:1, 3:1, 1:3, and 1:1, respectively, resulted in the highest corrected mortality rate against C. suppressalis and showed co-toxicity coefficients of 83.75, 246.87, 233.80, 157.56, 651.07, and 170.66, respectively. When tested using potted plants, pond-cultured plants and field plots, M. anisopliae CQMa421 mixed with emamectin benzoate (at 3:1) showed the highest control efficiency of 86.32%, 95.12% and 93.65%, respectively, against C. suppressalis. The results show that M. anisopliae CQMa421 when mixed with insecticides can afford higher control of C. suppressalis than when used individually, which provides practical reference and technical support for the realization of efficient chemical control and pesticide reduction in control of C. suppressalis.

Key words: Metarhizium anisopliae, insecticides, mixture, Chilo suppressalis, toxicity bioassay, field control efficacy

中图分类号:

S476.2

邓璇璇, 何勇, 袁伏才, 方宝华, 匡炜, 张亚, 刘双清. 金龟子绿僵菌与几种杀虫剂混配对二化螟的毒力及田间防效评价[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2026, 42(1): 198-207.

DENG Xuanxuan, HE Yong, YUAN Fucai, FANG Baohua, KUANG Wei, ZHANG Ya, LIU Shuangqing. Evaluation of the Toxicity and Field Control Efficiency of Metarhizium anisopliae and Insecticide Mixtures against Chilo suppressalis[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2026, 42(1): 198-207.

参考文献

[1] Liu B, Syu J K, Zhang Y X, et al. Practical synthesis and field application of the synthetic sex pheromone of rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)[J]. Journal of Chemistry, 2020, 2020: 1-9.
[2] Teng Z W, Xiong S J, Xu G, et al. Protein discovery: combined transcriptomic and proteomic analyses of venom from the endoparasitoid Cotesia chilonis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)[J]. Toxins, 2017, 9(4): 135-159.
[3] 林炜, 刘玉娣, 侯茂林, 等. 不同地理种群二化螟滞育和解除滞育幼虫的抗逆性酶活性比较[J]. 植物保护, 2007(5): 84-87.
[4] Wang P, Zheng X M, Li J J, et al. The effect of Beauveria bassiana on the host location of rice striped stem borer, Chilo suppressalis by Trichogramma japonicum[J]. Journal of Pest Science, 2023, 97(3): 1475-1483.
[5] Shiwani B, Kumar D M, Vipula V, et al. Storage pest management with nanopesticides incorporating silicon nanoparticles: a novel approach for sustainable crop preservation and food security[J]. Silicon, 2023, 16(2): 471-483.
[6] 徐刚, 叶恭银. 二化螟生理生化与分子生物学研究进展[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2018, 59(12): 2161-2166.
[7] 杨腊英, 刘磊, 谢玉萍, 等. 不同剂型草甘膦对金龟子绿僵菌MA4菌株生长发育的影响[J]. 热带作物学报, 2012, 33(4): 681-684.
[8] Syazwan S A, Lee S Y, Sajap A S, et al. Interaction between Metarhizium anisopliae and its host, the subterranean termite Coptotermes curvignathus during the infection process[J]. Biology, 2021, 10(4): 263-283.
[9] Chao Y, Wang M, Dai W, et al. Synergism between hydramethylnon and Metarhizium anisopliae and their influence on the gut microbiome of Blattella germanica (L.)[J]. Insects, 2020, 11(8): 538-554.
[10] 杨华, 赵丹阳, 秦长生. 绿僵菌与3 种杀虫剂混配对樟巢螟的协同作用[J]. 环境昆虫学报, 2020, 42(6): 1494-1501.
[11] 林玮杭. 金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421可分散油悬浮剂防治茶小绿叶蝉的田间试验[J]. 农业技术与装备, 2023(12): 11-12.
[12] 邓璇璇, 匡炜, 方宝华, 等. 金龟子绿僵菌制剂对二化螟的防效及体内相关酶活性的影响[J]. 湖南农业大学学报, 2024, 50(4): 65-69.
[13] Peng Y F, Tang J F, Hong M S, et al. Suppression of rice planthopper populations by the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae without affecting the rice microbiota[J]. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2020, 86(21): 1-12.
[14] 张亚倩, 谷静秀, 苑士涛, 等. 2亿活孢子/g金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421颗粒剂防治花生地老虎田间药效试验[J]. 农药, 2019, 58(9): 684-686.
[15] 吴晓燕, 田生虎, 邵鹏梅, 等. 金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421对小麦蚜虫的防治效果[J]. 中国植保导刊, 2021, 41(12): 61-62.
[16] 倪珏萍, 张雁南, 张湘宁, 等. 噻虫酰胺对5 种鳞翅目昆虫的杀虫活性研究[J]. 现代农药, 2010, 9(5): 21-25.
[17] 陈滢冲, 江雅琴, 陈静, 等. 天维菌素B杀虫活性测定及防治小菜蛾复配配方筛选[J]. 农药学学报, 2024, 26(4): 765-772.
[18] 张宇, 刘冰, 张金林, 等. 球孢白僵菌和金龟子绿僵菌与四种药剂混配使用对棉蚜的毒力[J]. 植物保护学报, 2024, 51(6): 1457-1465.
[19] 赵宗祥, 王明伟, 李蕾, 等. 罗伯茨绿僵菌AAU-4对草地贪夜蛾幼虫的毒力及生长发育的影响[J]. 山东农业大学学报, 2022, 53(1): 60-65.
[20] 陈红, 沈宣才, 方辉, 等. 浙南连作晚稻上二化螟的药剂防治效果[J]. 中国植保导刊, 2024, 44(1): 90-92.
[21] 陈红, 吴家乐, 叶徐豪, 等. 20%环丙氟虫胺悬浮剂飞防早稻二化螟技术要素探析[J]. 中国稻米, 2024, 30(4): 101-104.
[22] 钱康华, 袁江江, 王京, 等. 10种杀虫剂对4 种蓟马的毒力及对西花蓟马的田间药效评价[J]. 植物保护, 2023, 49(6): 343-349.
[23] 柳新菊, 俞瑞鲜, 吴声敢, 等. 甲氧虫酰肼对家蚕的急慢性毒性效应及生态风险评估[J]. 生态毒理学报, 2022, 17(4): 554-562.
[24] 贾苗. 绿僵菌和杀虫剂协同抑制飞蝗免疫研究[D]. 北京: 中国农业科学院, 2017.
[25] 严群, 张俊华, 郭祥云, 等. 金龟子绿僵菌等生物药剂飞防水稻虫害效果试验[J]. 湖北植保, 2020(4): 45-47.
[26] 彭国雄, 张淑玲, 夏玉先. 金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421农药及应用情况[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2020, 36(6): 850-857.
[27] 尹仙枫, 朱凯辉, 王芳, 等. 绿僵菌与FKBP52联合使用对西花蓟马的毒力[J]. 植物保护学报, 2024, 51(1): 178-185.
[28] 臧欢. 桃小食心虫优良金龟子绿僵菌菌株的筛选及应用性研究[D]. 保定: 河北农业大学, 2013.
[29] Hiromori H, Nishigaki J. Factor analysis of synergistic effect between the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae and synthetic insecticides[J]. Applied Entomology and Zoology, 2001, 36(2): 231-236.
[30] 肖勇, 时苏, 包华理, 等. 两种生物农药防治菜心黄曲条跳甲的研究[J]. 植物保护, 2021, 47(4): 288-292.