罗伯茨绿僵菌与苦参碱复配防治瓜蚜

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2023.01.053

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 瓜蚜（棉蚜）是一种严重为害作物生产的广食性吸汁害虫，为发展瓜蚜的生物防治技术，拟研究虫生真菌与苦参碱混配的杀虫剂。采用喷雾法测定药剂对瓜蚜的室内生物活性，采用菌落生长与孢子萌发活力测定苦参碱对真菌的生物相容性，通过协同毒力指数（CF）评价真菌与苦参碱的联合毒力，进而采用盆栽试验验证混配制剂对瓜蚜的防治效果。结果表明，室内生测发现罗伯茨绿僵菌MrCb01与MrCb02菌株、金龟子绿僵菌MaGX19S02和环链虫草菌IcCb01菌株对瓜蚜的生物活性较高，以1×10⁸孢子/mL浓度处理后72 h，瓜蚜的死亡率达80%以上；生物相容性测定结果表明，苦参碱对MrCb01的菌丝生长和孢子萌发无显著影响；联合毒力测定结果发现菌株MrCb01与苦参碱二者以质量分数20:1混配具有增效作用，其CF值为22.45；进而，配制了21% MrCb01分生孢子·苦参碱可湿性粉剂，其对盆栽黄瓜上瓜蚜的防治效果较好，稀释200倍时在处理后7 d对瓜蚜的防效为85.41%。罗伯茨绿僵菌MrCb01与苦参碱混配对防治瓜蚜具有应用潜力。

关键词: 虫生真菌, 植物性农药, 混配剂, 蚜虫

Abstract: Aphis gossypii is an important piercing-sucking pest with broad spectra of hosts. In order to develop biocontrol technology for this pest, this research was focus on the mixture of entomopathogenic fungal conidia and matrine. The bioactivity of the insecticides against A. gossypii was tested using spray and the biocompatibility of matrine to fungi was determined by colony growth and spore germination. Meanwhile, the cotoxicity factor (CF) was used to evaluate the joint bioactivity of fungi and matrine, and pot-test was employed to assess the effect of the mixed preparation to aphid. The results of laboratory bioassay showed that the strains of Metarhizium robertsii MrCb01 and MrCb02, M. anisopliae MaGX19S02, and Cordyceps cateniannulata IcCb01 had high bioactivities against A. gossypii, which caused ＞80% mortality rate of A. gossypii at the fungal concentration of 1×10⁸ spores /mL at 72 h post-treatment. The results of biocompatibility test showed that matrine exerted no significant effects on mycelial growth and spore germination of MrCb01 strain. Furthermore, a synergism of MrCb01 conidia and matrine at 20:1 (m:m) was found, as indicated by a CF value of 22.45. Finally, a wettable powder mixure of MrCb01 conidia and matrine was prepared, which achieved an 85.41% control efficacy of aphid at 7 d post-treatment by 200 times dilution in pot-cucumber test. Our experiment provides evidence that the mixture of MrCb01 and matrine has practical potential in controlling aphids.

Key words: entomogenous fungi, botanical pesticide, mixed preparation, aphid

中图分类号:

S476.1

区翠仪, 方康, 张珂, 胡琼波, 翁群芳. 罗伯茨绿僵菌与苦参碱复配防治瓜蚜[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2024, 40(4): 820-827.

OU Cuiyi, FANG Kang, ZHANG Ke, HU Qiongbo, WENG Qunfang. Study on Mixture of Metarhizium robertsii with Matrine to Control Aphis gossypii[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2024, 40(4): 820-827.

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