防治小菜蛾赤眼蜂蜂种和品系筛选与田间防治效果评价

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2024.03.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过比较螟黄赤眼蜂、玉米螟赤眼蜂、松毛虫赤眼蜂、稻螟赤眼蜂4种赤眼蜂的17个品系对小菜蛾卵寄生能力的差异，筛选防治小菜蛾的优良赤眼蜂蜂种和品系，并通过田间试验验证其对小菜蛾的防治效果。结果表明，4种赤眼蜂均能寄生小菜蛾卵，但不同蜂种的寄生能力存在差异，整体表现由高到低为螟黄赤眼蜂，玉米螟赤眼蜂，松毛虫赤眼蜂，稻螟赤眼蜂。17个品系中螟黄赤眼蜂Tc-1对小菜蛾卵的寄生能力最强，卵粒和卵卡寄生率分别为73.01%和98.89%，在小菜蛾卵上的羽化率和羽化雌蜂率均达到85%以上。田间试验结果表明，释放螟黄赤眼蜂Tc-1品系后西兰花田小菜蛾虫口数较对照显著降低，且波动较缓。随着放蜂次数增加小菜蛾虫口减退率增加，通过连续4次放蜂，收获时放蜂田中小菜蛾虫口数为278头/百株，比对照田（2740头/百株）降低了89.85%，证明螟黄赤眼蜂Tc-1品系是防治小菜蛾的优良品系，具有广阔的应用前景。

关键词: 小菜蛾, 赤眼蜂, 寄生潜能, 田间防效评价

Abstract: Elite Trichogramma species and strains for controlling Plutella xylostella were screened by comparing the differences in the parasitic ability of 17 strains of T. chilonis, T. ostriniae, T. dendrolimi, and T. japonicum to the eggs of P. xylostella. The results showed that all the four Trichogramma species could parasitize P. xylostella eggs, but their parasitic ability differed, ranked as: T. chilonis＞T. ostriniae＞T. dendrolimi＞T. japonicum. Among the 17 strains, T. chilonis Tc-1 strain had the strongest parasitic ability, with parasitism rates of eggs and egg cards of 73.01% and 98.89%, respectively. The emergence rate and female wasp rate from the parasitized P. xylostella eggs were more than 85%. Field tests using T. chilonis Tc-1 strain for control of P. xylostella showed that P. xylostella population in the wasp-released fields was significantly reduced and fluctuated less. Population of P. xylostella declined more with the increase of Trichogramma release times. After four times of Trichogramma release, the population size of P. xylostella was 278 per 100 plants, which was 89.85 % lower than that in the control fields. This proves that the T. chilonis Tc-1 strain is an excellent strain for controlling P. xylostella and has a broad prospect of application.

Key words: Trichogramma, Plutella xylostella, parasite potential, field control efficacy evaluation

中图分类号:

S476.3

周淑香, 高芃, 赫思聪, 鲁新, 李小宇, 高月波. 防治小菜蛾赤眼蜂蜂种和品系筛选与田间防治效果评价[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2025, 41(1): 1-6.

ZHOU Shuxiang, GAO Peng, HE Sicong, LU Xin, LI Xiaoyu, GAO Yuebo. Trichogramma Species and Strains Screening and Field Performance Evaluation for Controlling Plutella xylostella[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2025, 41(1): 1-6.

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