6种昆虫病原线虫对环境非生物胁迫的耐受性评价

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2026.01.026

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为明确6种商业化生产昆虫病原线虫——小卷蛾斯氏线虫Steinernema carpocapsae All、芜菁夜蛾斯氏线虫S. feltiae SN、长尾斯氏线虫S. longicaudum X-7、格氏线虫S. glaseri KG、嗜菌异小杆线虫Heterorhabditis bacteriophora H06、印度异小杆线虫H. indica LN2对非生物胁迫的耐受特性，本文系统测定了高温、低温、低湿、渗透压、UN-B辐射及缺氧胁迫对其存活及杀虫能力的影响。结果表明：S. longicaudum X-7、S. glaseri KG对温度胁迫表现出较强的耐受性，在40℃高温条件下处理2 h或-5℃低温处理36 h后，存活率仍达97.92%以上；而2种异小杆线虫对温度的耐受性较差，在相同高温处理2 h或低温-5℃处理12 h时，存活率即降至6.93%以下。在干燥胁迫方面，S. carpocapsae All线虫表现出较好的低湿适应性，在85%相对湿度条件下处理24 h后存活率可达57.09%；渗透压胁迫下，H. indica LN2线虫的耐受性最弱，在渗透压溶液中处理120 h后存活率仅为2.57%。UV-B辐射处理后，S. carpocapsae All和S.longicaudum X-7表现出较强的抗性；缺氧胁迫处理120 h时，S. feltiae SN和H. bacteriophora H06的存活率分别降至23.46%和15.72%。此外，高温及UV-B辐射均对线虫的杀虫能力产生了不同程度的负面影响。综上所述，6种线虫对非生物胁迫的耐受性各具特点，本研究结果可为其在产业化生产过程中的储运条件优化及作为商品制剂的田间精准应用提供科学依据。

关键词: 昆虫病原线虫, 生物防治, 非生物因子, 环境

Abstract: The tolerance of six commercially produced entomopathogenic nematodes, namely Steinernema carpocapsae All, S. feltiae SN, S. longicaudum X-7, S. glaseri KG, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora H06, and H. indica LN2, to abiotic stresses(high temperature, low temperature, low humidity, osmotic pressure, UV-B radiation, and hypoxia) was evaluated through measuring their survival and pathogenicity. The results showed that S. longicaudum X-7 and S. glaseri KG exhibited strong tolerance to temperature stress, with survival rates exceeding 97.92% after exposure to 40 ℃ for 2 h or -5 ℃ for 36 h. In contrast, the two Heterorhabditis species displayed poor temperature tolerance, with survival rates dropping to below 6.93% under 40 ℃ for 2 h and -5 ℃ for 12 h. Regarding desiccation stress, S. carpocapsae All demonstrated favorable adaptability to high humidity, achieving a survival rate of 57.09% after 24 h exposure to 85% relative humidity. Under osmotic stress, H. indica LN2 showed the weakest tolerance, with a survival rate of merely 2.57% after 96 h treatment in osmotic solution. Following UV-B radiation exposure, S. carpocapsae All and S. longicaudum X-7 exhibited relatively strong resistance. After 120 h of hypoxia treatment, the survival rates of S. feltiae SN and H. bacteriophora H06 decreased to 23.46% and 15.72%, respectively. Additionally, both high temperature and UV-B radiation negatively affected the nematodes' pathogenicity to varying degrees. In conclusion, the six nematode species display distinct tolerance profiles to abiotic stresses, and these findings provide a scientific basis for optimizing storage and transportation conditions during industrial production and for guiding the precise field application of these nematodes as commercial formulations.

Key words: entomopathogenic nematodes, biological control, abiotic factors, environment

中图分类号:

S476

王晓钰, 李丽莉, 吕素洪, 崔洪莹, 宋莹莹, 门兴元, 高尚坤, 郭文秀. 6种昆虫病原线虫对环境非生物胁迫的耐受性评价[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2026, 42(4): 857-867.

WANG Xiaoyu, LI Lili, LÜ Suhong, CUI Hongying, SONG Yingying, MEN Xingyuan, GAO Shangkun, GUO Wenxiu. Tolerance of Six Entomopathogenic Nematodes to Abiotic Environmental Stress[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2026, 42(4): 857-867.

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