稻田非鳞翅目害虫靶标农药对稻螟赤眼蜂的安全性评价

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2016.01.003

中国生物防治学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (1): 19-24.DOI: 10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2016.01.003

稻田非鳞翅目害虫靶标农药对稻螟赤眼蜂的安全性评价

王子辰^1,2, 田俊策², 王国荣³, 郑许松², 臧连生⁴, 张大羽¹, 吕仲贤^1,2

1. 浙江农林大学农业与食品科学学院, 临安 311300;
2. 浙江省农业科学院植物保护与微生物研究所, 杭州 310021;
3. 杭州市萧山区农业局, 杭州 211203;
4. 吉林农业大学生物防治研究所, 长春 130118

收稿日期:2015-04-30 出版日期:2016-02-08 发布日期:2016-02-22
通讯作者: 吕仲贤, 张大羽
作者简介:王子辰(1991-),硕士研究生,E-mail:wangzichen0305@gmail.com
基金资助:
国家"973"计划(2013CB127600);国家水稻产业技术体系(CARS-01-17)

Safety Assessment of Pesticides Targeted at non-Lepidopteran Rice Pests to Trichogramma japonicum (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

WANG Zichen^1,2, TIAN Junce², WANG Guorong³, ZHENG Xusong², ZANG Liansheng⁴, ZHANG Dayu¹, LÜ Zhongxian^1,2

1. College of Agriculture and Food Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Lin'an 311300, China;
2. Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China;
3. Xiaoshan Agriculture Bureau, Hangzhou 211203, China;
4. Institute of Biological Control, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China

Received:2015-04-30 Online:2016-02-08 Published:2016-02-22

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 稻螟赤眼蜂在水稻上用于防治鳞翅目害虫。为了了解稻田常用非鳞翅目害虫靶标农药井冈霉素、三唑酮、吡蚜酮、印楝素、毒死蜱(仅指用于防治稻飞虱)对稻螟赤眼蜂的影响,本研究通过药膜法和卵卡浸渍法分别测定了以上5种农药对不同发育阶段稻螟赤眼蜂的影响。药膜法结果显示毒死蜱对稻螟赤眼蜂成蜂的LC₅₀为0.382 mg/L属于极高风险性,三唑酮LC₅₀为49.539 mg/L属高风险性,其余3种为低风险性(井冈霉素LC₅₀>10000 mg/L、印楝素LC₅₀>25000 mg/L、吡蚜酮LC₅₀>2000 mg/L);卵卡浸渍法结果显示毒死蜱处理成虫前各虫态赤眼蜂均对其羽化率和羽化蜂畸形率造成显著影响,井冈霉素、三唑酮和吡蚜酮处理后均显著降低羽化率,其中井冈霉素处理幼虫期和蛹期,三唑酮和吡蚜酮处理除预蛹期外,各虫期均造成羽化蜂畸形率升高,印楝素处理后则与对照无显著差异。因此,在稻螟赤眼蜂释放期应减少井冈霉素、吡蚜酮的使用,禁止使用三唑酮和毒死蜱,在防治稻飞虱时推荐使用对稻螟赤眼蜂安全的农药,如印楝素。

关键词: 水稻, 农药, 稻螟赤眼蜂, 安全性评价

Abstract: Trichogramma japonicum, an egg parasitoid is commonly used to control Lepidopteran insect pests of rice. For evaluating the impacts of five pesticides (validamycin, triadimefon, pymetrozine, azadirachtin and chlorpyrifos) targeting non-Lepidopteran rice pests or rice diseases, such as the rice planthoppers, rice blast and sheath blight on T. japonicum, pesticide film and dipping methods were conducted for determining the safety of the tested pesticides to different developmental stages of T. japonicum. Results of pesticide film method indicated that LC₅₀ of chlorpyrifos to T. japonicum adults was 0.382 mg/L, showing extremely high risk and LC₅₀ of triadimefon was 49.539 mg/L with high risk, while LC₅₀ of the three other tested pesticides was more than 2000 mg/L meaning limited risk to T. japonicum adults. Results of the pesticide dipping method demonstrated that all treatments of chlorpyrifos at four preimaginal developmental stages significantly reduced the emergence rate and increased deformity of T. japonicum, and all treatments of validamycin, triadimefon and pymetrozine at four preimaginal developmental stages significantly reduced the emergence rate of T. japonicum, while the adult deformity was significantly increased by validamycin treated at larval and pupal stages, as well as triadimefon and pymetrozine treated at egg, larval and pupal stages. No significant difference was found on emergence rate and deformity of T. japonicum between azadirachtin treatment and the control. In conclusion, triadimefon and chlorpyrifos are high risk to all developmental stages of T. japonicum. Azadirachtin is safe to T. japonicum.

Key words: rice, pesticide, Trichogramma japonicum Ashmead, safety assessment

中图分类号:

S476.3

王子辰, 田俊策, 王国荣, 郑许松, 臧连生, 张大羽, 吕仲贤. 稻田非鳞翅目害虫靶标农药对稻螟赤眼蜂的安全性评价[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2016, 32(1): 19-24.

WANG Zichen, TIAN Junce, WANG Guorong, ZHENG Xusong, ZANG Liansheng, ZHANG Dayu, LÜ Zhongxian. Safety Assessment of Pesticides Targeted at non-Lepidopteran Rice Pests to Trichogramma japonicum (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)[J]. journal1, 2016, 32(1): 19-24.

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稻田非鳞翅目害虫靶标农药对稻螟赤眼蜂的安全性评价

Safety Assessment of Pesticides Targeted at non-Lepidopteran Rice Pests to Trichogramma japonicum (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

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