高剂量喷射型主动交配干扰技术对水稻害虫的防控效果评价

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2024.03.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 探索在丘陵、田块不规则但平坦的水稻田采用喷射型性信息素释放器，主动干扰成虫交配的方法防治二化螟等害虫的应用技术及效果评价。在交配干扰区和对照区调查田间二化螟、稻纵卷叶螟、稻飞虱和主要自然天敌的种群动态。结果显示，对照区诱捕蛾量均高于交配干扰区，对二化螟平均迷向率为75.3%，稻纵卷叶螟则为89.9%。二化螟的为害率随时间延后有逐渐增大的趋势，10月20日调查对照组二化螟为害率为1.41 %，显著高于交配干扰区的0.17%。交配干扰区每丛二化螟幼虫量为0.02头，显著低于对照组的0.27头。9月19日和10月7日调查显示，交配干扰区卷叶率显著低于对照区。多次调查中，稻纵卷叶螟幼虫数量则无显著差异。稻飞虱的种群密度随着时间延后有逐渐增大的趋势。9月19日调查对照区的稻飞虱数量为8.2头/丛，交配干扰区为0.4头/丛。10月20日对照组稻飞虱数量为53.6头/丛，显著高于交配干扰组的1.4头/丛。水稻田中寄生蜂数量在交配干扰区显著高于对照区，交配干扰区中蜘蛛和黑肩绿盲蝽与对照区没有差异。在丘陵水稻种植区，采用喷射型性信息素释放器可以有效控制二化螟种群及其为害，同时也干扰了稻纵卷叶螟的求偶和交配。此外，也间接有效控制了后期稻飞虱的发生，原因可能是性信息素专一性保护了稻田天敌种群。

关键词: 二化螟, 稻纵卷叶螟, 稻飞虱, 性信息素, 交配干扰, 喷射型释放器

Abstract: To explore the applied technology and evaluation of aerosol sex pheromone for mating disruption to control Chilo suppressalis Walker in hilly, irregular but flat rice fields. The populations of stem borer, rice leaf roller, rice planthopper and main natural enemies were investigated in the mating disruption and control paddy field. The results showed that the number of moths trapped in the control was significantly higher than those trapped in the area by mating disruption. The average disrupted rate of C. suppressalis moths was 75.3%, and that of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenée moths was 89.9%. The damaged rate by stem borers showed an increase with time. The damaged rate of stem borers in the control was 1.41%, on October 20, significantly higher than that in the mating disruption 0.17%. The number of larvae per tuft in the mating disruption was 0.02, significantly lower than the 0.27 larvae in the control. Surveys on September 19 and October 7 showed that the rate of leaf rolling in the mating disruption was significantly lower than that in the control, however, no significant difference was found in the larvae of C. medinalis between mating disruption and control areas. The number of rice planthoppers showed an increase with time, and there was no significant difference in the early stage. In the control, the number of rice planthoppers surveyed on September 19 was 8.2 per tuft in the control and 0.4 per tuft in the mating disruption. On October 20, the number of rice planthoppers in the control was 53.6 per tuft, significantly higher than the 1.4 per tuft in the mating disruption. The number of parasitoids in the rice fields was significantly higher in the mating disruption 0.14 per tuft than in the control 0.08 per tuft. The number of spiders in the mating disruption was 2.11 per tuft, and in the control was 3.30 per tuft, with no significant difference. The number of Cyrtorhinus lividipennis Reuter in the mating disruption was 0.10 per tuft, and 0.01 per tuft in the control, with no significant difference. Using aerosol high dose sex pheromone dispensers in rice planting fields in hilly areas is effective for controlling population control and reduces the damage inflicted by C. suppressalis. The use of dispensers also strongly disrupted the calling and mating of rice leaf rollers C. medinalis, which indirectly and effectively controled the occurrence of planthoppers in late-stage rice crops. The reason may be that the specificity of sex pheromones protected the population of natural enemies in the paddy fields.

Key words: Chilo suppressalis, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, rice planthoppers, sex pheromone, mating disruption, aerosol dispenser

中图分类号:

S476

王未英, 陈瑜, 赵洪, 郭前爽, 杜永均. 高剂量喷射型主动交配干扰技术对水稻害虫的防控效果评价[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2024, 40(6): 1293-1301.

WANG Weiying, CHEN Yu, ZHAO Hong, GUO Qianshuang, DU Yongjun. Evaluation of the Control Efficacy of Mating Disruption by Active High Dose Aerosol Pheromone Dispensers on Rice Pests[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2024, 40(6): 1293-1301.

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