圆果大赤螨对土耳其斯坦叶螨和二斑叶螨的捕食能力

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2024.07.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 土耳其斯坦叶螨Tetranychus turkestani(Ugarov et Nikolski)和二斑叶螨Tetranychus urticae(Koch)是为害棉花的主要害螨。圆果大赤螨Anystis baccarum(Linnaeus)是农林害虫和害螨的重要捕食性天敌。为明确圆果大赤螨对土耳其斯坦叶螨、二斑叶螨的捕食作用和生物防治潜能，本研究在实验室条件下，测定圆果大赤螨对两种叶螨各螨态的捕食选择性、捕食功能反应及圆果大赤螨自身密度对其捕食的干扰效应。结果表明：圆果大赤螨对土耳其斯坦叶螨和二斑叶螨的幼螨、若螨具有嗜食性（Q＞ 1），选择系数Q分别为1.87、1.04和1.79、1.12。圆果大赤螨对土耳其斯坦叶螨和二斑叶螨各螨态的功能反应均属于HollingⅡ型，对土耳其斯坦叶螨和二斑叶螨幼螨的捕食能力最强，捕食效能a/T_h值分别为18.751和25.391；对若螨的捕食能力次之，a/T_h值分别为9.182和10.919；圆果大赤螨对二斑叶螨幼螨、若螨的a/T_h值大于土耳其斯坦叶螨，分别高出了35.4%和18.9%；圆果大赤螨对二斑叶螨幼螨、若螨的最大日捕食量1/T_h值（43.478、27.029）大于土耳其斯坦叶螨（35.718、22.727），分别高出了21.7%和18.9%。综合比较圆果大赤螨对两种叶螨的a/T_h、1/T_h值可看出，圆果大赤螨对二斑叶螨的捕食能力强于土耳其斯坦叶螨。圆果大赤螨在捕食两种叶螨时，均存在较强的自身干扰反应和竞争作用，且捕食土耳其斯坦叶螨的种内干扰效应更大。综上所述，圆果大赤螨对土耳其斯坦叶螨和二斑叶螨有较好的捕食能力，是可开发繁殖的生物防治天敌。

关键词: 圆果大赤螨, 土耳其斯坦叶螨, 二斑叶螨, 功能反应, 捕食选择, 捕食干扰

Abstract: Tetranychus turkestani (Ugarov et Nikolski) and Tetranychus urticae (Koch) are the main pests of cotton. Anystis baccarum (Linnaeus) is an important predatory natural enemy of agricultural and forestry pests and mites. In order to clarify the predatory effect and biological control potential of A. baccarum on T. turkestani and T. urticae, the predatory selectivity and functional response of A. baccarum to each stage of the two spider mites and the interference effect of the density of A. baccarum on its predation were determined under laboratory conditions. The results showed that A. baccarum preferred the juvenile and nymph of T. turkestani and T. urticae, with selection coefficients Q of 1.87, 1.04 and 1.79, 1.12, respectively. The functional responses of A. baccarum to T. turkestani and T. urticae fitted well with Holling II type, and the predatory ability of A. baccarum to T. turkestani and T. urticae juveniles was the strongest, with a/T_h of 18.751 and 25.391, respectively. The predatory ability on nymphs was the second, with a/T_h of 9.182 and 10.919, respectively. The a/T_h on T. urticae juveniles and nymphs were higher by 35.4% and 18.9% than those on T. turkestani, respectively. The 1/T_h (43.478, 27.029) on T. urticae juveniles and nymphs were higher by 21.7% and 18.9% than those on T. turkestani (35.718, 22.727), respectively. A comprehensive comparison of the a/T_h and 1/T_h on the two spider mites showed that the predatory ability of A. baccarum on T. urticae was stronger than that of T. urkestani. There was strong self-interference response and competition when A. baccarum preyed on the two spider mites, and the intraspecific interference was greater when T. turkestani was the prey. In summary, A. baccarum has good predatory ability on T. turkestani and T. urticae and is a potential biological control agent worthy of propagation.

Key words: Anystis baccarum, Tetranychus turkestani, Tetranychus urticae, functional response, predatory selection, predator interference

中图分类号:

S476.2

李梦蝶, 唐洋, 李坤, 王佳华, 李亦松. 圆果大赤螨对土耳其斯坦叶螨和二斑叶螨的捕食能力[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2025, 41(1): 15-23.

LI Mengdie, TANG Yang, LI Kun, WANG Jiahua, LI Yisong. Predation Abilities of Mite Anystis baccarum on Spider Mites Tetranychus turkestani and Tetranychus urticae[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2025, 41(1): 15-23.

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