申嗪霉素与杀菌剂复配防治小麦茎基腐病及安全性评价

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2025.02.074

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为筛选防治小麦茎基腐病的高效低毒杀菌剂，提高生产中药剂使用对种子的安全性，本研究采用生长速率法测定了生物农药申嗪霉素与4种不同化学农药对假禾谷镰孢菌Fusarium pseudograminearum的毒性及共毒系数，并结合了种子萌发安全性评价。结果显示，申嗪霉素、嘧菌酯、丙硫菌唑、氰烯菌酯、咪鲜胺的EC50分别为16.80、75.01、1.68、0.39、0.03 mg/L。申嗪霉素与化学农药复配后表现出协同增效作用，其中申嗪霉素:丙硫菌唑（1:9）和申嗪霉素:嘧菌酯（9:1）的共毒系数分别达439.09和238.24，显著抑制菌丝生长并改变其形态，增效组合可以缓解单剂对小麦种子萌发的抑制。该复配策略力求降低化学农药用量的同时，提升防效与种子安全性，为小麦茎基腐病绿色防控提供理论依据与技术路径。

关键词: 小麦茎基腐病, 申嗪霉素, 化学农药, 增效作用, 假禾谷镰孢菌

Abstract: To screen high-efficacy and low-toxicity fungicides for controlling wheat crown rot and enhance seed safety in agricultural production, toxicity and co-toxicity coefficients of the bio-pesticide Shenqinmycin combined with four chemical fungicides against Fusarium pseudograminearum were evaluated by using the growth rate method, and assessment of seed germination safety was also carried out. The results showed that the EC₅₀ values of shenqinmycin, azoxystrobin, prothioconazole, phenamacril and prochloraz were 16.80, 75.01, 1.68, 0.39, and 0.03 mg/L, respectively. Shenqinmycin exhibited synergistic effects when combined with chemical fungicides, particularly in the ratios of shenqinmycin : prothioconazole at 1:9 and shenqinmycin : azoxystrobin at 9:1, with co-toxicity coefficients reaching to 439.09 and 238.24, respectively. These combinations significantly inhibited the mycelial growth and altered hyphal morphology. Additionally, these synergistic mixtures alleviated the phytotoxic suppression of wheat seed germination caused by the individual components. This synergistic strategy not only reduces chemical pesticide usage but also improves disease control efficacy and seed safety, providing a theoretical foundation and technical approach for the green management of wheat crown rot.

Key words: wheat crown rot, shenqinmycin, chemical pesticide, synergistic effect, Fusarium pseudograminearum

中图分类号:

S476

许春丽, 王慧羽, 马子涵, 袁爱梅, 葛蓓孛. 申嗪霉素与杀菌剂复配防治小麦茎基腐病及安全性评价[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2026, 42(1): 96-105.

XU Chunli, WANG Huiyu, MA Zihan, YUAN Aimei, GE Beibei. Combination of Shenqinmycin with Different Fungicides for Controlling Wheat Crown Rot and Safety Assessment[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2026, 42(1): 96-105.

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