几种生物农药及其混配剂对兰州百合贮存期鳞茎腐烂病防治作用

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2021.06.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了筛选出防治兰州百合鳞茎腐烂病菌的高效低毒生物杀菌剂，延缓生产中病原菌对药剂的抗性，采用生长速率法测定了几种生物农药及其混配剂对尖孢镰孢菌Fusarium oxysporum的抑菌率、活性及共毒系数。结果表明6种生物农药对尖孢镰孢菌抑菌率均在69%以上，且活性从大到小依次为多粘类芽胞杆菌、绿色木霉、申嗪霉素、哈茨木霉、丁子香酚、香芹酚，获得4种具有增效作用的混配药剂，分别为多·丁（9：1）、多·丁（8：2）、多·百（8：2）和丁·百（4：6），其共毒系数分别为347.88、129.73、440.60和641.66；这4种混配剂对尖孢镰孢菌引起的兰州百合鳞茎腐烂病的防效均显著高于单剂的防效，较单剂防效提高了5.88%～57.89%；且在发病前、后施药，混配剂及单剂的保护作用防治效果均高于治疗作用防治效果。

关键词: 百合, 尖孢镰孢菌, 生物杀菌剂, 活性, 增效作用, 防治

Abstract: In order to screen out biological fungicides with high-efficiency and low-toxicity against Lanzhou lily bulb rot disease and alleviate the resistance of pathogen to pesticides in production, inhibition rate, activity and co-toxicity coefficient of several biological fungicides and their mixtures to Fusarim oxysporum were determined by the growth rate method. The results showed that the inhibition rates of the six biological fungicides against F. oxysporum were all above 69%, and the values of EC₅₀in descending order was Paenibacillus polymyxa, Trichoderma viride, phenazine-1-carboxylic acid, Trichoderma harzianum, eugenol and carvacrol. Four kinds of mixtures agents with synergistic effects were obtained, namely paenibacillus polymyxa with eugenol (9:1), paenibacillus polymyxa with eugenol (8:2), paenibacillus polymyxa with chlorothalonil (8:2), and eugenol with chlorothalonil (4:6), and their co-toxicity coefficients were 347.88, 129.73, 440.60 and 641.66, respectively. Compared with the single agent, control effects of these four kinds of mixtures to Lanzhou lily bulb rot disease increased by 5.88%-57.89%. The protective effects of mixture and single agents were higher than the treatment effects.

Key words: lily, Fusarium oxysporum, biological fungicide, virulence, synergistic effect, control

中图分类号:

S476

姜玉玲, 梁巧兰, 魏列新, 孟秀鹏, 蔺珂, 岳阳. 几种生物农药及其混配剂对兰州百合贮存期鳞茎腐烂病防治作用[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2021, 37(5): 1041-1049.

Jiang Yuling, Liang Qiaolan, Wei Liexin, Meng Xiupeng, Lin Ke, Yue Yang. Control Effect of Several Biological Fungicides and Their Mixtures on the Bulb Rot of Lanzhou Lily During Storage[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2021, 37(5): 1041-1049.

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