Effect of Temperature on Parasitism Rate and Life History Parameters of a Solitary Endoparasitoid, Zele chlorophthalmus (Hymenoptera: Brachonidae)

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2017.05.001

Abstract

Abstract: Zele chlorophthalmus (Spinola) is a solitary koinobiont endoparasitoid parasitizing the beet webworm, Loxostege sticticalis L. (Lepidoptera:Crambidae), one of the most destructive insect pests of crop and fodder plant in northern China. Variations in parasitism rate and life history parameters of Z. chlorophthalmus were investigated at 5 constant temperatures (17, 21, 25, 29, and 33℃) by using the 3rd instar L. sticticalis as host. The parasitism rates at 21 and 25℃ were significantly greater than those at 17 and 29℃, but no parasitism rate was found at 33℃. The pupation and emergence rates at 21 and 25℃ (>70%) were all higher than those at 17 and 29℃. The pupal weight and adult longevity decreased with increasing temperature. Developmental duration of eggs, larvae, pre-pupae, pupae, and whole generation decreased lineally with increasing temperature within 17-25℃ but extended slightly at 29℃. The relationship between temperature and developmental rate of Z. chlorophthalmus was better fitted by the Logistic model (R²=0.935-0.971) than linear model (R²=0.859-0.890). Threshold temperature for eggs and larvae, pre-pupae and pupae, and full generation was 8.7, 9.9 and 10.8℃, respectively, and thermal constant was 176.0, 189.6, and 331.8 day-degrees, respectively. Z. Chlorophthalmus might complete 2-7 generations annually in areas where L. sticticalis occurs and the annual number of generation appeared decreasing with increasing latitude. This data can be useful in determining the potential of using Z. Chlorophthalmus as a biological agent, by optimizing mass rearing and release techniques of the parasitoid.

Key words: Zele chlorophthalmus, Loxostege sticticalis, temperature, parasitism rate, growth and development, threshold temperature, thermal constant, generation number

CLC Number:

S476.3

LI Qian, CHENG Yunxia, LUO Lizhi, LEI Chaoliang, JIANG Xingfu, ZHANG Lei. Effect of Temperature on Parasitism Rate and Life History Parameters of a Solitary Endoparasitoid, Zele chlorophthalmus (Hymenoptera: Brachonidae)[J]. journal1, 2017, 33(5): 575-583.

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