生菜软腐和菌核病拮抗菌贝莱斯芽胞杆菌BPC6鉴定与防效

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2020.02.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 软腐病和菌核病是生菜生产中两大毁灭性病害。为有效控制这2种病害，利用平板稀释和对峙法，从生菜根际土壤中分离到一株拮抗菌BPC6，其菌悬液、无菌滤液对软腐病菌Pectobacterium carotovorum和菌核病菌Sclerotinia sclerotiorum的生长均具有抑制效果，该菌株也能抑制其他14种植物病原菌的生长。形态学、16S rDNA及基因组序列分析将其鉴定为贝莱斯芽胞杆菌Bacillus velezensis。BPC6能产生纤维素酶和蛋白酶，不能产生几丁质酶和嗜铁素。比浊法分析的生长曲线显示，BPC6能在1%～10% NaCl及pH 5.0～9.0条件下生长。通过分析不同浓度BPC6对软腐病菌和菌核病菌侵染生菜离体叶片的影响，明确了菌株BPC6适宜用量为1.4×10⁹～2.8×10⁹ CFU/mL。菌株BPC6对生菜软腐病和菌核病盆栽防效分别为44.09%和53.58%，对菌核病大田防效为77.41%。本研究表明BPC6是一株对生菜软腐病和菌核病具有拮抗作用的潜在生防菌。

关键词: 生菜, 软腐病, 菌核病, 贝莱斯芽胞杆菌, 鉴定, 防效

Abstract: Soft rot and sclerotia rot are two destructive diseases in the production of lettuce. In order to effectively control these two diseases, an antagonistic strain BPC6 was isolated from the lettuce rhizosphere soil by using the plate dilution method and plate confrontation method. Its cell suspensions and cell-free filtrates are both capable of inhibiting the growth of the soft rot pathogen (Pectobacterium carotovorum) and the sclerotia rot pathogen (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum), as well as other 14 plant pathogens. The BPC6 strain was identified as Bacillus velezensis through its morphology, 16S rDNA and genome sequence analyses. Physiological and biochemical characteristics indicate that BPC6 could secrete cellulase and protease, and could not produce chitinase and siderophores. The growth curves of the BPC6 strain showed that it could grow under 1%-10% NaCl and pH 5.0-9.0. The optimum application amount of BPC6 was 1.4×10⁹-2.8×10⁹CFU/mL demonstrated by estimating the control effects of BPC6 at different concentrations on lettuce leaves (in vitro) inoculated with soft rot and sclerotia rot pathogens. The control efficacy of the BPC6 strain against lettuce soft rot and sclerotia rot in greenhouse was 44.09% and 53.58%, respectively. Field experiments showed that its control efficacy on lettuce sclerotia rot was 77.41%. This study suggested that B. velezensis BPC6 was a potential prospective biocontrol agent to control soft rot and sclerotia rot diseases on lettuce.

Key words: lettuce (Lactuca sativa), soft rot, sclerotia rot, Bacillus velezensis, identification, biocontrol effect

中图分类号:

S476

孙旺旺, 闫丽, 陈昌龙, 田宇, 李晓颖, 陈杰, 谢华. 生菜软腐和菌核病拮抗菌贝莱斯芽胞杆菌BPC6鉴定与防效[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2020, 36(2): 231-240.

SUN Wangwang, YAN Li, CHEN Changlong, TIAN Yu, LI Xiaoying, CHEN Jie, XIE Hua. Identification and Biocontrol Effect of Antagonistic Bacterium Bacillus velezensis BPC6 against Soft Rot and Sclerotinia Rot Diseases on Lettuce[J]. Chinese Journal Of Biological Control, 2020, 36(2): 231-240.

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