防治南方根结线虫的根瘤内生细菌的筛选及鉴定

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2020.05.023

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 根结线虫的严重发生给农作物生产造成巨大经济损失，生物防治是控制该病的一种安全有效措施。本研究从448株根瘤内生细菌分离株中筛选出3株对南方根结线虫有较好防效的生防细菌Sneb1994、Sneb1995和Sneb2000，3个菌株发酵滤液对南方根结线虫2龄幼虫（J2）均有高毒杀活性，处理24 h校正死亡率达85%以上，同时对卵孵化具有抑制作用，并可促进番茄种子生长。盆栽试验结果表明，3个菌株发酵液灌根处理均能显著减少根结数和卵囊数，相对防效为37.95%~44.51%，同时促进番茄植株的生长。经形态特征、生理生化特性和16S rDNA序列分析，鉴定菌株Sneb1994、Sneb1995和Sneb2000分别为氧化微杆菌Microbacterium oxydans、油菜假单胞菌Pseudomonas brassicacearum和蜡样芽胞杆菌Bacillus cereus。氧化微杆菌为首次报道对根结线虫有效的生防菌株。这些根瘤内生细菌菌株的发掘，为植物线虫病害的生物防治提供了新的微生物资源。

关键词: 南方根结线虫, 根瘤内生细菌, 鉴定, 防效, 番茄

Abstract: Root-knot nematode causes dramatic yield losses in many crops. Biocontrol agents, which are eco-friendly and generally non-toxic, provide an effective strategy for root-knot nematode disease control. In this study, three bacteria strains Sneb1994, Sneb1995, and Sneb2000 showing biocontrol potential against Meloidogyne incognita were screened from more than 400 endophytic bacterial isolated from root nodules. The strain fermentation filtrates of Sneb1994, Sneb1995, and Sneb2000 showed high nematocidal activity against M. incognita second-stage juveniles (J2), with corrected mortalities of more than 85% at 24 hours post treatment. Furthermore, the strains had inhibitory effect on nematode egg hatching and promotional effect on the growth of tomato seeds. The results of pot experiments indicated that root treatment with fermentation filtrates of the three strains significantly reduced root galls and egg masses, with the relative biocontrol efficacies of 37.95%-44.51%, and promoted the growth of tomato plants. Strains Sneb1994, Sneb1995, and Sneb2000 were identified as Microbacterium oxydans, Pseudomonas brassicacearum, and Bacillus cereus, respectively, based upon morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics, and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. This is the first report of M. oxydans as a biocontrol agent against M. incognita. These endophytic bacteria isolated from root nodules provide new microbial resource for the biological control of plant-parasitic nematode disease.

Key words: Meloidogyne incognita, root nodule endophytic bacteria, identification, control effect, tomato

中图分类号:

S476

赵劲捷, 王帅, 范海燕, 赵迪, 刘晓宇, 朱晓峰, 王媛媛, 段玉玺, 陈立杰. 防治南方根结线虫的根瘤内生细菌的筛选及鉴定[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2020, 36(5): 811-820.

ZHAO Jinjie, WANG Shuai, FAN Haiyan, ZHAO Di, LIU Xiaoyu, ZHU Xiaofeng, WANG Yuanyuan, DUAN Yuxi, CHEN Lijie. Screening and Identification of Endophytic Bacteria Isolated from Root Nodules for Control of Meloidogyne incognita[J]. Chinese Journal Of Biological Control, 2020, 36(5): 811-820.

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