葱轮作改善土壤微生物群落缓解三七连作障碍的潜力分析

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2022.03.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 明确葱轮作后对三七连作土壤微生物的影响，为利用葱与三七轮作缓解三七连作障碍提供依据。本研究在三七连作土上连续种植两茬小葱，以休耕连作土壤为对照，采用细菌16S rRNA和真菌ITS区测序，研究葱轮作后对土壤微生物多样性、物种组成及关键微生物的影响；然后分离可培养的关键细菌假单胞菌属，验证其对三七根腐病菌的拮抗功能。结果表明，葱轮作后显著提高了三七连作土壤细菌和真菌的丰富度，两种处理后的细菌和真菌在PCoA图上均能明显分开。门水平上，葱轮作后细菌变形菌门的相对丰度显著增加，酸杆菌门、绿弯菌门等显著降低；真菌子囊菌门的相对丰度显著降低，担子菌门显著增加。LEfSe分析表明，变形菌门及其下属的假单胞菌属等关键细菌在葱轮作后丰度显著增加，丛赤壳科中可以引起三七根腐的Fusarium和Ilyonectria等真菌在轮作后丰度降低。从轮作土壤中分离到22株假单胞菌，其中15株铜绿假单胞菌对三七根腐病菌有较好的拮抗效果。综上，葱轮作可以显著改善三七连作土壤的微生物状况，有益菌相对丰度增加而根腐病原菌相对丰度降低。利用葱与三七轮作对缓解三七连作障碍具有一定的潜力。

关键词: 三七, 葱, 轮作, 土壤微生物, 假单胞菌属

Abstract: The effect of scallion rotation with Panax notoginseng on microbes in soils continuously cultivated with P. notoginseng was evaluated to provide evidence for alleviating the continuous cropping obstacle of P. notoginseng by crop rotation. Scallions were cultivated two times in a row on the pre-harvested P. notoginseng soil, while the control soil was left fallow. The soil microbial diversity, composition and key microorganisms in soils rotated with scallion were measured using sequencing bacterial 16S rRNA and fungal ITS region. Then, the key culturable bacteria Pseudomonas were isolated and tested for their antagonistic function against P. notoginseng root rot pathogens. The results showed that scallion rotation significantly improved the richness of soil bacteria and fungi. The bacteria and fungi from the rotation treatment and the control clearly separated on the PCoA plot. For bacteria, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria was significantly increased, while Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, etc. were significant decreased at the phylum level. With respect to fungi, the relative abundance of Ascomycota was significantly suppressed, and Basidiomycota was significantly increased after scallion rotation. LEfSe analysis showed that the key bacteria, Proteobacteria and its subordinate Pseudomonas were significantly increased after scallion rotation, while the abundance of Fusarium and Ilyonectria, which causes root rot of P. notoginseng, decreased after rotation. Twenty-two strains of Pseudomonas were isolated from the scallion rotation soil, and 15 strains of P. aeruginosa had a good antagonistic effect on P. notoginseng root rot pathogens. In conclusion, scallion rotation can significantly improve the microbial status of soil continuously cropped with P. notoginseng, increase the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria and reduce root rot pathogens. The rotation system of scallion and P. notoginseng has some potential to alleviate the continuous cropping obstacle of P. notoginseng.

Key words: Panax notoginseng, scallion, crop rotation, soil microbe, Pseudomonas

中图分类号:

S432.1

刘海娇, 左登鸿, 徐杰, 苏应威, 朱书生, 杨敏. 葱轮作改善土壤微生物群落缓解三七连作障碍的潜力分析[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2022, 38(6): 1473-1483.

LIU Haijiao, ZUO Denghong, XU Jie, SU Yingwei, ZHU Shusheng, YANG Min. Potential of Scallion Rotation to Improve Soil Microbial Community and Alleviate Continuous Cropping Obstacle of Panax notoginseng[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2022, 38(6): 1473-1483.

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