葡萄花翅小卷蛾生长发育对霉菌的响应

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2023.01.033

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 葡萄花翅小卷蛾Lobesia botrana (Denis & Schiffermüller)是新入侵我国吐鲁番的进境植物检疫性害虫，为揭示葡萄果实表面多发的霉菌对葡萄花翅小卷蛾生长发育的响应，将霉烂葡萄中的霉菌分离培养，接种至新鲜葡萄上，待其长出霉层后单头饲养葡萄花翅小卷蛾，测定幼虫、蛹的生长指标、各虫态发育历期、成虫产卵量等。灰霉和黑曲霉对葡萄花翅小卷蛾幼虫生长指标的影响主要表现在4龄和5龄；不论雌蛹还是雄蛹，取食灰霉和黑曲霉的葡萄花翅小卷蛾的蛹的各项生长指标都显著高于健康葡萄上的，且前两者之间不存在显著性差异；灰霉和黑曲霉饲养的葡萄花翅小卷蛾幼虫的发育历期显著短于健康葡萄饲养的个体，但成虫历期和雌雄成虫寿命的结果则与之相反，雌雄性比方面则不存在显著差异；用灰霉饲养的葡萄花翅小卷蛾单雌产卵量（32.40粒）显著高于用黑曲霉（24.15粒）和健康葡萄（27.3粒）饲养的个体；并且3龄和5龄幼虫对灰霉感染的葡萄趋性更强。灰霉和黑曲霉都可以促进葡萄花翅小卷蛾幼虫的生长，但只有灰霉的存在会促进成虫产卵量的增加，并且幼虫对灰霉的趋性更强。

关键词: 葡萄花翅小卷蛾, 灰霉, 黑曲霉, 生长发育

Abstract: Lobesia botrana (Denis & Schiffermüller) is a newly invasive plant quarantine pest in Turpan, China. The effects of multiple fungus on the surface of grape fruits on the growth and development of L. botrana was investigated in this study. The fungus in moldy grapes were isolated and cultured, and then inoculated onto fresh grapes. After the moldy layer grew out from the inoculated grapes, L. botrana was reared individually on the grapes. The growth, development, and fecundity of the insects were measured. Botrytis cinerea and Aspergillus niger principally affected the growth L. botrana 4^th and 5^th instar larvae. The growth indexes of pupae fed on grapes inoculated with B. cinere and A. niger did not differ between each other but were significantly higher than those on healthy grapes. The developmental duration of L. botrana larvae reared with grapes with B. cinerea and A. niger was significantly shorter than that of the insects reared with healthy grapes, but the adult duration and male and female adult longevity were to the opposite, and sex ratio showed no difference between the two groups of insects. The fecundity (32.40 eggs/female) of L. botrana reared with B. cinerea-infected grapes was significantly higher than that of the insects reared with A. niger-infected grapes (24.15 eggs/female) and with healthy grapes (27.3 eggs/female). And the 3^rd and 5^th instar larvae preferred gray fungus-infected grapes more. These results show that both B. cinerea and A. niger can promote the growth of L. botrana larvae, but only B. cinerea can enhance fecundity.

Key words: Lobesia botrana, Botrytis cinerea, Aspergillus niger, growth and development

中图分类号:

S436.631

王洁, 阿地力·沙塔尔. 葡萄花翅小卷蛾生长发育对霉菌的响应[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2023, 39(6): 1334-1340.

WANG Jie, ADIL Sattar. Effects of Fungus on the Growth and Development of Lobesia botrana[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2023, 39(6): 1334-1340.

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