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中国生物防治学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (6): 1385-1392.DOI: 10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2022.01.013

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

几种植物源农药对苹果主要害虫的生物活性

赵晓敏1, 赖忠晓1, 陈平强1, 江志利1,2, 马志卿1,2   

  1. 1. 西北农林科技大学植物保护学院, 杨凌 712100;
    2. 陕西省生物农药工程技术研究中心, 杨凌 712100
  • 收稿日期:2021-11-04 发布日期:2022-12-16
  • 通讯作者: 马志卿,教授,博士生导师,E-mail:zhiqingma@nwsuaf.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:赵晓敏,博士研究生,E-mail:zhaoxiaomina@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    陕西省重点研发计划(2019ZDLNY03-04);天山创新团队计划(2020D14001)

Biological Activities of Several Plant Pesticides on Apple Pests

ZHAO Xiaomin1, LAI Zhongxiao1, CHEN Pingqiang1, JIANG Zhili1,2, MA Zhiqing1,2   

  1. 1. College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China;
    2. Shaanxi Biopesticide Engineering & Technology Research Center, Yangling 712100, China
  • Received:2021-11-04 Published:2022-12-16

摘要: 为构建苹果生产中的病虫害绿色防控体系,本研究通过室内活性测定和2年多批次田间药效试验评价了7种植物源农药对3种苹果害虫(绣线菊蚜、山楂叶螨和苹果桑天牛)的防治效果及应用技术。结果表明:0.5%藜芦碱可溶液剂(侬威)和0.3%苦参碱水剂(华禾克)对绣线菊蚜具有较强的毒力,其24h时LC50分别为8.316mg/L和5.494mg/L,在3333mL/hm2的制剂用量下,药后7d对绣线菊蚜防效均在70%以上;0.5%藜芦碱可溶液剂(万若翠)和0.3%苦参碱水剂(宝稼康)对山楂叶螨毒力较强,其24h的LC50分别为8.414mg/L和5.666mg/L,在3333mL/hm2的制剂用量下,药后7d对山楂叶螨防效均在78%以上;5%除虫菊素乳油注干施药防治桑天牛幼虫效果较好,1.25g/L的浓度下防治效果为62.09%。由此,推荐以0.5%藜芦碱可溶液剂(侬威)等4种药剂防治绣线菊蚜和山楂叶螨,可交替使用,推荐剂量为3333mL/hm2;以5%除虫菊素乳油注干施药防治桑天牛,推荐剂量为1.25g/L。

关键词: 植物源农药, 绣线菊蚜, 山楂叶螨, 桑天牛, 防治效果

Abstract: With the aim of establishing a green pest control system in apple production, seven plant-derived pesticides were evaluated for their control of three apple pests (Aphis citricola, Tetranychus viennensis and Aphis germari) using laboratory activity tests and two-year multiple batches of field efficacy tests. The results showed that 0.5% veratrine solution agent (Nongwei) and 0.3% soluble matrine (Huaheke) had strong toxicity to A. citricola, with LC50 of 8.316 mg/L and 5.494 mg/L at 24 h, respectively. At the dosage of 3333 mL/hm2, the control efficacy on A. citricola were more than 70% at 7 days after treatment. The 0.5% veratrine solution agent (Wanruocui) and 0.3% soluble matrine (Baojiakang) were toxic to T. viennensis, with LC50 values of 8.414 mg/L and 5.666 mg/L, respectively, and a control efficacy of more than 78% at 7 days after treatment with the dosage of 3333 mL/hm2.The 5% pyrethrin EC achieved a control efficacy of 62.09% on A. germari at the concentration of 1.25 g/L.

Key words: botanical pesticide, Aphis citricola, Tetranychus viennensis, Aphis germari, control effect

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