六斑月瓢虫生物生态学及其生物防治研究进展

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2023.05.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 六斑月瓢虫Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Fabricius)是我国农林生态系统中多种重要害虫的优势天敌昆虫，具有分布范围广、发生数量大、繁殖速率快、取食谱广、取食量大和抗逆性强等特点，因而开发利用前景十分广阔。为了更好地保护和利用这一重要天敌昆虫，本文整理了40年来关于六斑月瓢虫的研究报道，从物种分类学、生物学特性、生物防治作用、人工饲养技术和杀虫剂的影响等方面详细介绍了六斑月瓢虫的研究进展，阐述了其当前研究存在的突出问题，并对今后的研究方向进行了展望。

关键词: 六斑月瓢虫, 生物学特性, 生物防治, 人工扩繁, 开发利用

Abstract: The ladybeetle Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Fabricius) (Coleoptea: Coccinellidae) is one of the dominant natural enemies of various insect pests in agroforestry ecosystem due to wide distribution, common occurrence in field, high reproductive rate, wide feeding range, excellent predation ability and strong adaptability, thus there is a bright development prospect to develop this predator. In this article we reviewed the research progress on C. sexmaculata in recent 40 years, mainly focusing on the taxonomy, biological characteristics, biological control, artificial rearing, and insecticide impacts. In addition, the prospects for the future studies and application of C. sexmaculata were also discussed.

Key words: Menochilus sexmaculata, biological characteristics, biological control, mass-rearing, utilization

中图分类号:

S476.2

唐良德, 臧连生. 六斑月瓢虫生物生态学及其生物防治研究进展[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2023, 39(3): 697-709.

TANG Liangde, ZANG Liansheng. Research Progress on Biology, Ecology and Biological Control of Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2023, 39(3): 697-709.

参考文献

[1] 吴孔明. 中国草地贪夜蛾的防控策略[J]. 植物保护, 2020, 46(2):1-5.
[2] 庞虹, 任顺祥, 曾涛, 等. 中国瓢虫特种多样性及其利用[M]. 广州:广东科技出版社, 2004.
[3] Rakhshani E, Saeedifar A. Seasonal fluctuations, spatial distribution and natural enemies of Asian citrus psyllid Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera:Psyllidae) in Iran[J]. Entomological Science, 2012, 16(1):17-25.
[4] 罗佳, 蔡子坚, 谢嫦. 枇杷园害虫天敌资源调查初报[J]. 华东昆虫学报, 2005, 14(4):358-361.
[5] 赵顾晨, 唐赵莲, 赵杰. 浦东新区果园有益瓢虫种类调查[J]. 上海农业科技, 2020(1):125-126.
[6] 张国辉, 顾焕先, 张文华, 等. 黔东南州红心猕猴桃的害虫及其天敌资源调查[J]. 农业灾害研究, 2020, 10(3):14-17.
[7] 蒋学建, 邓艳, 黄华艳, 等. 油茶茶蚜天敌及其优势天敌的林间消长规律[J]. 广西林业科学, 2017, 46(1):76-79.
[8] Sasaji H. Fauna Japoinca-Coccinellidae (Insecta:Coleoptera)[M]. Tokyo:Academic. Press, 1971, 284-286.
[9] Iablokoff-Khnzorian S M. Les Coccinelles, Coléoptères-Coccinellidae Tribu Coccinellini des Régions Paléartique et Orientale[M]. Paris Boubée, 1982.
[10] Timberlake P H. The Coccinellidae or ladybeetles of the Koebele collection[J]. The Hawaiian Planters' Record, 1943, 47(1):1-67.
[11] Nakane T, Araki M. Entomological results from the scientific survey of the Tokara Islands. Ⅵ. Coleoptera:Coccinellidae[J]. Scientific Survey of the Tokara Islands Report, 32:45-52.
[12] 任顺祥, 王兴民, 庞虹, 等. 中国瓢虫原色图鉴[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 2009, 212.
[13] 庞虹. 六斑月瓢虫的色斑变异[J]. 昆虫天敌, 1990, 12(2):82-84.
[14] Dubey A, Mishra G, Omkar. Influence of temperature on reproductive biology and phenotype of a ladybird, Menochilus sexmaculatus (Fabricius) (Coleoptera:Coccinellidae)[J]. Journal of Thermal Biology, 2016, 58:35-42.
[15] Kawakami Y, Yamazaki K, Ohashi K. Effects of temperature on the expression of elytral colour polymorphism in the ladybird beetle, Menochilus sexmaculatus (Coleoptera:Coccinellidae)[J]. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology, 2018, 21:663-666.
[16] Chaudhary D D, Mishra G, Omkar. Last male wins the egg fertilization fight:A case study in ladybird, Menochilus sexmaculatus[J]. Behavioural Processes, 2016, 131:1-8.
[17] Pervez A, Yadav M, Bozdogan H. Antennal morphology and sensilla of the predaceous ladybirds, Menochilus sexmaculatus and Propylea dissecta[J]. European Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2020, 10(2):124-132.
[18] Kawakamia Y, Yamazaki K. Disappearance of summer collection records for Menochilus sexmaculatus (Coleoptera:Coccinellidae) during climate warming[J]. Journal of Natural History, 2017, 51:17-18.
[19] 章士美, 江永成, 沈荣武. 等. 六斑月瓢虫研究简报[J]. 昆虫天敌, 1980(4):13-16.
[20] 李隆哲. 江西赣州市郊区菜地四种食蚜瓢虫的生物学[J]. 昆虫天敌, 1981, 3(1/2):70-78.
[21] 吴淼生. 六斑月瓢虫食性及捕食能力初步研究[J]. 江西植保, 2000, 23(2):33-35.
[22] Saxena W, Mishra1 G, Omkar. Mating preference is mating system and relatedness dependent in the ladybird beetle, Menochilus sexmaculatus[J]. Ethology, 2021, 127(11):943-954.
[23] Singh P, Mishra G, Omkar. Influence of body size and familiarity on mating and reproductive parameters in the zig-zag ladybird beetle, Menochilus sexmaculatus (Coleoptera:Coccinellidae)[J]. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 2019, 97:453-463.
[24] Saxena W, Mishra G, Omkar. Inbreeding avoidance in aphidophagous ladybird beetles:A case study in Menochilus sexmaculatus[J]. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 2016, doi:10.1139/cjz-2015-0174.
[25] Dubey A, Saxena W, Mishra G, et al. Mating experience influences mate choice and reproductive output in an aphidophagous ladybird, Menochilus sexmaculatus[J]. Animal Biology, 2018, 68(3):247-263.
[26] Shandilya A, Singh P, Mishra G, et al. Cost of mating in male Menochilus sexmaculatus (Fabricius) (Coleoptera:Coccinellidae)[J]. Ethology, 2020, 127(1):59-67.
[27] Yadav T, Mishra G, Omkar. Effect of egg cannibalism on mating preferences and reproductive fitness of Menochilus sexmaculatus Fabricius (Coleoptera:Coccinellidae)[J]. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology, 2021, 24:271-277.
[28] Mishra G, Singh N, Shahid M, et al. Effect of presence and semiochemicals of conspecific stages on oviposition by ladybirds (Coleoptera:Coccinellidae)[J]. European Journal of Entomology, 2012, 109:363-371.
[29] Mishra G, Singh N, Shahid M, et al. The effects of three sympatric ladybird species on oviposition by Menochilus sexmaculatus (Coleoptera:Coccinellidae)[J]. Chemoecology, 2013, 23:103-111.
[30] Singh S, Mishra G, Omkar. Perceived prey quantity modulates oviposition in the ladybird Menochilus sexmaculatus[J]. Journal of Ethology, 2016, 34:59-64.
[31] Shandilya A, Mishra G, Omkar. Leg impairment affects the reproductive attributes of a ladybird, Menochilus sexmaculatus (Fabricius)[J]. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology, 2018, 21(3):797-806.
[32] Saxena W, Mishra G, Omkar. Does regeneration ability influence reproductive fitness in Menochilus sexmaculatus (Coleoptera:Coccinellidae)?[J]. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology, 2016, 19:829-834.
[33] Singh S, Mishra G, Omkar. Plasticity in reproductive output and development in response to thermal variation in ladybird beetle, Menochilus sexmaculatus[J]. Journal of Thermal Biology, 2018, 71:180-188.
[34] Iftikhar A, Aziz M A, Naeem M, et al. Effect of temperature on demography and predation rate of Menochilus sexmaculatus (Coleoptera:Coccinellidae) reared on Phenacoccus solenopsis (Hemiptera:Pseudococcidae)[J]. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 2018, 50(5):1885-1893.
[35] 王祥林, 陈文静, 苏达明. 温度对六斑月瓢虫生长发育及繁殖的影响[J]. 西南林业大学学报, 2012, 32(4):76-80.
[36] 金海峰, 付步礼, 邱海燕, 等. 高温胁迫六斑月瓢虫对其生物学特性及其捕食作用的影响[J]. 应用昆虫学报, 2020, 57(3):700-707.
[37] Singh N, Mishra G, Omkar. Effect of photoperiod on slow and fast developing individuals in aphidophagous ladybirds, Menochilus sexmaculatus and Propylea dissecta (Coleoptera:Coccinellidae)[J]. Insect Science, 2016, 23(1):117-133.
[38] Rao M S, Shaila O, Sreelakshmi P, et al. Tritrophic interactions of cowpea[Vigna unguiculata subsp unguiculata (L.)], aphids[Aphis craccivora (Koch)] and coccinellids[Menochilus sexmaculatus (Fab.)] under eCO² and eTemp[J]. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology, 2018, 21(2):531-537.
[39] 唐良德, 李飞, 赵海燕, 等. 六斑月瓢虫取食不同猎物的生长发育及繁殖特性[J]. 生态学报, 2017, 37(17):5765-5770.
[40] Omkar, Bind R B. Prey quality dependent growth, development and reproduction of a biocontrol agent, Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Fabricius) (Coleoptera:Coccinellidae)[J]. Biocontrol Science and Technology, 2004, 14(7):665-673.
[41] Chaudhary D D, Kumar B, Mishra G, et al. Resource partitioning in a ladybird, Menochilus sexmaculatus:function of body size and prey density[J]. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 2015, 105:121-128.
[42] Rizal A N, Putra N S, Suputa. Comparison of feeding ability between Ischiodon scutellaris (Diptera:Syrphidae) and Menochilus sexmaculatus (Coleoptera:Coccinellidae) on Aphis craccivora (Hemiptera:Aphididae)[J]. Journal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia, 2018, 22(2):210-216.
[43] Pervez A, Chandra S. Host plant-mediated prey preference and consumption by an aphidophagous ladybird, Menochilus sexmaculatus (Fabricius) (Coleoptera:Coccinellidae)[J]. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control, 2018, 28(1):54.
[44] Cartwright B O, Eikenbary R D, Johnson J W, et al. Field release and dispersal of Menochilus sexmaculatus, an imported predator of the greenbug, Schizaphis graminum[J]. Enviromental Entomology, 1977, 6(5):699-704.
[45] Jeschke J M, Kopp M, Tollrian P. Predator functional responses:discriminating between handling and digesting prey[J]. Ecological Monographs, 2002, 72:95-112.
[46] Roya S, Rahman A. A study on the comparative predatory efficiency and development of Micraspis discolor (F.) and Menochilus sexmaculatus (F.) on tea aphid Toxoptera aurantii (Boyer de Fons.)[J]. Zoology and Ecology, 2014, 24(3):285-287.
[47] 可芮, 徐继伟, 肖志新, 等. 瓢虫对烟蚜的控制效能及异色瓢虫与烟蚜茧蜂的取食竞争作用[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2017, 33(3):338-344.
[48] Tian Q H, Fan Y M, Khan M M, et al. Influence of cold-storage of eggs of Menochilus Sexmaculatus (Coleoptera:Coccinellidae) on the biology and predatory efficiency[J]. International Journal of Tropical Insect Science, 2020, 41(2):1-7.
[49] 唐良德, 李飞, 赵海燕, 等. 六斑月瓢虫捕食不同猎物的功能反应研究[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2015, 31(2):202-207.
[50] 吴红胜, 韩诗畴, 张宇宏, 等. 双带盘瓢虫与六斑月瓢虫成虫对螺旋粉虱幼虫的捕食作用[J]. 环境昆虫学报, 2010, 32(3):380-383.
[51] 程立生, 苏海燕, 蓝勇军. 六斑月瓢虫成虫对几种蚜虫捕食作用的研究[J]. 福建热作科技, 1993(2):10-14.
[52] 陈文胜, 崔志新, 任吉君, 等. 不同温度下六斑月瓢虫对桃蚜功能反应的研究[J]. 农业系统科学与综合研究, 2004, 20(1):69-70.
[53] 段金花, 张润杰. 六斑月瓢虫对菊小长管蚜的捕食作用[J]. 昆虫学报, 2004, 47(2):213-218.
[54] 区焯林, 崔志新. 六斑月瓢虫对豆蚜捕食功能反应研究[J]. 佛山科学技术学院学报(自然科学版), 2005, 23(3):62-64.
[55] 陈文胜, 崔志新, 杨长举. 六斑月瓢虫捕食萝卜蚜的功能反应[J]. 华中农业大学学报, 2005, 24(4):348-350.
[56] 王庆森, 鞠晓蕾, 黄建. 六斑月瓢虫对茶蚜的捕食作用及生物农药的安全性评价[J]. 福建农林大学学报(自然科学版), 2014, 43(6):568-572.
[57] 马晓, 韦党扬, 赵琦. 六斑月瓢虫对桔蚜捕食作用的研究[J]. 耕作与栽培, 1996(3):55-57.
[58] 杨鹤, 郑发科. 六斑月瓢虫成虫捕食洋槐蚜的功能反应研究[J]. 四川动物, 2007, 26(4):907-909.
[59] 周军辉, 李鹏雷, 郑卉娜, 等. 六斑月瓢虫对柑橘木虱若虫的捕食功能反应[J]. 福建农林大学学报(自然科学版), 2020, 49(3):295-299.
[60] 庞虹. 三种瓢虫对木虱成虫的捕食量观察[J]. 昆虫天敌, 1991, 13(4):186-188.
[61] 李善光, 付步礼, 邱海燕, 等. 六斑月瓢虫对黄胸蓟马若虫的室内捕食作用研究[J]. 应用昆虫学报, 2020, 57(5):1173-1180.
[62] 李盼, 朱津贤, 莫小娜, 等. 六斑月瓢虫对普通大蓟马的捕食功能反应[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2022, 38(1):140-148.
[63] 侯美珍. 六斑月瓢虫和八斑鞘腹蛛对玉米蚜的功能反应[J]. 广西植保, 1998(4):7-9.
[64] 于华利, 王祥林, 李奕震. 六斑月瓢虫对橄榄星室木虱的控制作用[J]. 中南林业科技大学学报, 2013, 33(6):55-59.
[65] Patel P, Kumar B, Kumar D. Does body size of coccinellid predators (Coleoptera:Coccinellidae) influence their preference to eat well-defended prey?[J]. Acta Entomologica Sinica, 2018, 61(6):704-711.
[66] Patel P, Kumar B, Kumar D. Fluctuations in defended prey availability modulate the functional response curves of Menochilus sexmaculatus (Coleoptera:Coccinellidae)[J]. Acta Entomologica Sinica, 2017, 60(9):1031-1040.
[67] 潘明真, 刘同先. 载体植物在温室作物害虫生物防治中的应用[J]. 应用昆虫学报, 2019, 56(5):917-926.
[68] Rattanapun W. Banker plant system using Hysteroneura setariae (Thomas) (Hemiptera:Aphididae) as a non-pest prey to build up the lady beetle populations[J]. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology, 2017, 20:437-440.
[69] 钟宝珠, 吕朝军, 李洪, 等. 常用杀虫剂对螺旋粉虱与六斑月瓢虫生物活性及选择毒力[J]. 中国农学通报, 2011, 27(5):380-383.
[70] 唐良德, 赵海燕, 郭灵杭. 龟纹瓢虫和六斑月瓢虫对农药的敏感性研究[J]. 山地农业生物学报, 2022, 41(1):34-40.
[71] 陈文胜, 崔志新, 刘丽屏, 等. 杀虫剂亚致死剂量对六斑月瓢虫捕食作用的影响[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2008, 47(12):1445-1446, 1450.
[72] Srikanth J, Lakkundi N H. Toxicity of five systemic insecticides to the aphid predator Menochilu sexmaculatus (F.) (Coleoptera:Coccinellidae)[J]. Mysore Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 1988, 21:205-209.
[73] Pandi G G P, Paul B, Vivek S, et al. Relative toxicity of insecticides against Coccinellid beetle, Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Fabricius)[J]. Annals of Plant Protection Sciences, 2013, 21(1):17-20.
[74] Saner D V, Kabre G B, Shinde Y A. Impact of newer insecticides on ladybird beetles (Menochilus sexmaculatus L.) in hybrid cotton[J]. Journal of Industrial Pollution Control, 2014, 30(2):251-253.
[75] Chumakova B M. Opyt rozvedeniya khishchnovo zhuka kriptolemusa na isskustvennych sredakh[J]. Biol Met Borby s Vred Selsk Kult, Moskva, 1962(1):143-146.
[76] Niijima K, Takahashi H. Nutritional studies of an aphidophagous Coccinellid Harmonia axyridis[J]. Applied Entomology and Zoology, 1977(17):45-51.
[77] 张丽莉, 李恺, 张天澍, 等. 人工饲料对龟纹瓢虫生长和繁殖的影响[J]. 昆虫知识, 2007, 44(6):871-876.
[78] 陈洁. 异色瓢虫卵子发生及饲料对其卵黄发生的影响[D]. 保定:河北农业大学, 2011.
[79] 陈志辉, 钦俊德, 范学民, 等. 人工饲料中添加脂类和昆虫保幼激素类似物对七星瓢虫取食和生殖的影响[J]. 昆虫学报, 1984, 27(2):136-146.
[80] 王利娜, 陈红印, 张礼生, 等. 龟纹瓢虫幼虫人工饲料的研究[J]. 中国生物防治, 2008, 24(4):306-311.
[81] Liu F, Liu C, Zeng F. Effects of an artificial diet on development, reproduction and digestive physiology of Chrysopa septempunctata[J]. BioControl, 2013, 58(6):789-795.
[82] 张屾, 毛建军, 曾凡荣. 非昆虫源人工饲料对异色瓢虫生物学特性的影响[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2015, 31(1):35-40.
[83] 沈志成, 胡萃, 粪和. 取食雄蜂蛹粉对龟纹瓢虫和异色瓢虫巧黄发生的影响[J]. 昆虫学报, 1992, 35(3):19-24.
[84] 曹爱华, 张良武. 用赤眼蜂蛹饲养捕食性瓢虫初步试验[J]. 昆虫天敌, 1994, 16(1):1-5.
[85] 孙毅, 万方浩, 姬金红, 等. 利用人工卵赤眼蜂踊规模化饲养毛星瓢虫的可行性研究[J]. 植物保护学报, 2001, 28(2):45-51.
[86] Berkvens N, Bonte J, Berkvens D, et al. Influence of diet and photoperiod on development and reproduction of European populations of Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coleoptera:Coccinellidae)[J]. Biocontrol, 2008, 53(1):211-221.
[87] 卢绍辉, 宋宏伟, 梅象信, 等. 利用家蚕幼虫饲养异色瓢虫研究初报[J]. 河南林业科技, 2009, 29(3):31-32.
[88] 朱耀祈, 薛台芳. 赤星瓢虫与六条瓢虫代用饲料之研究[J]. 化植保会刊, 1976(18):58-74.
[89] Venkatesan T, Jalali S K, Singh S. Semi-synrtietic diet for the rearing of aphid predator, Menochilus sexmaculata Fabricius Coleoptera:Coccinellideae[J]. Journal of Biological Control, 1998, 22(2):169-172.
[90] Khan M R, Khan M R. Mass rearing of Menochilus sexmaculatus Fabricus (Coleoptera:Coccinellidae) on natural and artificial diets[J]. International Journal of Agriculture & Biology, 2002, 4(1):107-109.
[19] 李超. 六斑月瓢虫人工饲料的研究[D]. 福州:福建农林大学, 2016.
[92] 于华利, 曾桂军, 李奕震. 六斑月瓢虫的人工饲养技术研究[J]. 山东林业科技, 2010(1):37-38.
[93] 任顺祥, 陈学新. 生物防治[M]. 北京:中国农业出版社, 2012.
[94] Cui Z F, Cao F Q, Peng Z Q. Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome and phylogenetic analysis of Menochilus sexmaculata (Fabricius, 1781) (Coleoptera:Coccinellidae)[J]. Mitochondrial DNA Part B, 2021, 6(9):2686-2687.
[95] 庞虹. 六斑月瓢虫模板DNA的制备及16S rDNA序列扩增[J]. 昆虫天敌, 2001, 23(2):55-59.
[96] 龙健, 庞虹. 瓢虫的16S rDNA序列扩增[J]. 贵州师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2003, 21(2):52-54.
[97] Zou D Y, Coudron T A, Zhang L S, et al. Nutrigenomics in Arma chinensis (Hemiptera:Pentatomidae:Asopinae):transcriptomes analysis of Arma chinensis fed on artificial diet and Chinese oak silk moth pupae[J]. PLoS ONE, 2013, 8(4):e60881.
[98] 李娇娇. 取食不同猎物对蠋蝽的发育影响及其代谢组学差异研究[D]. 北京:中国农业科学院, 2016.
[99] 张礼生, 陈红印, 李保平. 天敌昆虫扩繁与应用[M]. 北京:中国农业科学技术出版社, 2014.
[100] 陈万斌, 李玉艳, 向梅, 等. 夜蛾黑卵蜂人工扩繁及应用研究进展[J]. 植物保护, 2021, 47(6):11-20.
[101] 唐良德, 梁延坡, 赵海燕, 等. 瓢虫的趋光性反应研究[J]. 环境昆虫学报, 2016, 38(2):337-340.
[102] 马晓彤, 付步礼, 邱海燕, 等. 六斑月瓢虫对不同颜色的产卵趋性与行为选择反应[J]. 中国农学通报, 2020, 36(27):142-146.