草地贪夜蛾核型多角体病毒SfMNPV-Yz01的分离及其对害虫的控制作用

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2024.11.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 草地贪夜蛾是近年入侵我国的重大迁飞性害虫，严重威胁农业安全生产。草地贪夜蛾核型多角体病毒（ SfMNPV）是专性感染害虫的杆状病毒，作为重要的生防因子在害虫综合治理中具有潜在应用价值。本研究基于草地贪夜蛾田间自然罹死虫体中病原物的富集分离，获得对草地贪夜蛾幼虫具有较强感染作用的杆状病毒SfMNPV-Yz01，形态学结合核型多角体病毒保守基因Me53、cg30测序分析鉴定属于草地贪夜蛾核型多角体病毒SfMNPV。SfMNPV-Yz01对草地贪夜蛾具有较高的感染致死作用，3龄幼虫感染病毒致死中浓度LC₅₀为7.49×10⁴ PIB/mL，不同浓度致死中时间LT₅₀为5.51～8.02 d。感染幼虫3～5 d开始出现死亡，6～7 d呈现死亡高峰，不同浓度SfMNPV-Yz01造成的害虫死亡曲线呈显著差异。SfMNPV-Yz01亚致死剂量处理对草地贪夜蛾的生长和繁殖有明显影响，表现在幼虫发育历期延长（+0.95 d）、雌雄性比差异加大（+0.265）、单雌产卵量显著下降（?42.6%），最终导致害虫子代种群数量增长受到抑制。研究结果表明，SfMNPV-Yz01对草地贪夜蛾具有较高感染活性，应用杆状病毒防治害虫对生态控制草地贪夜蛾扩张为害具有重要作用。

关键词: 草地贪夜蛾, 核型多角体病毒, 感染活性, 亚致死作用

Abstract: The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, is a migratory lepidopteran pest invading China in recent years. The pest causes serious damage to various crops, threatening crop yield in China. S. frugiperda nucleopolyhedtovirus (SfMNPV) is a baculovirus, host-specific virus to the fall armyworm. As an important biocontrol agent, it will contribute to the integrated pest management (IPM). In the present study, an entomo-pathogenic virus strain SfMNPV-Yz01 was isolated from natural dead larvae by enrichment isolation. Based on the morphological features and analysis of the sequences of conservate baculovirus gene Me53 and cg30, the strain SfMNPV-Yz01 was identified in the genus of S. frugiperda nucleopolyhedtovirus. SfMNPV-Yz01 was highly infectious and lethal to the 3^rd instar larvae of S. frugiperda. The LC₅₀ was 7.4910⁴ PIB/mL, and the LT₅₀ were from 5.51―8.02 d at different concentrations. Larvae died within 3―5 d post infection with the strain, with peak mortality occurring at 6―7 d. The survival curves of larvae were significantly different among different concentrations of SfMNPV-Yz01. Sub-lethal treatment of SfMNPV-Yz01 significantly affected the development and reproduction of S. frugiperda, with larval duration extended by 0.95 d, gender ratio changed by 0.265, and oviposition dropped by 42.6%, suppressing the population buildup of S. frugiperda. It was indicated, that SfMNPV-Yz01 is a strain of relatively high virulence to S. frugiperda. Using baculovirus as an eco-regulating agent may play significant role in reducing the expansion and damage of S. frugiperda.

Key words: Spodoptera frugiperda, nucleopolyhedtovirus, infecting effect, sublethal effect

中图分类号:

S476.1

刘琴, 张琥, 林曼曼, 夏杨, 韩光杰, 李传明, 陆玉荣, 黄立鑫, 张楠, 徐健. 草地贪夜蛾核型多角体病毒SfMNPV-Yz01的分离及其对害虫的控制作用[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2025, 41(5): 1087-1094.

LIU Qin, ZHANG Hu, LIN Manman, XIA Yang, HAN Guangjie, LI Chuanming, LU Yurong, HUANG Lixin, ZHANG Nan, XU Jian. Isolation of Nucleopolyhedtovirus SfMNPV-Yz01 and the Controlling Effect on Spodoptera frugiperda[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2025, 41(5): 1087-1094.

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