藜麦茎基腐病拮抗菌LMNS-M9的发酵条件优化及可湿性粉剂研制

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2025.02.051

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为开发防治藜麦茎基腐病的生防菌剂，本研究以非洲哈茨木霉LMNS M9 -为研究对象，测定其抑菌活性，采用单因素和响应面相结合的方法优化其发酵条件，在此基础上，将其研制成可湿性粉剂，并对其配方进行优化。结果表明，菌株LMNS M9 -具有较强的广谱抑菌效果，其中对茄病镰孢菌Fusarium solani抑制率达到69.59%；优化后的发酵条件为装液量118.84 mL/250 mL，接种量0.51%，发酵时间114.24 h，转速210 r/min，优化后抑菌率可达86.98%，比优化前提高了125.00%；通过助剂筛选及配方优化，获得LMNS M9 -可湿性粉剂，其组成为母粉20%、硅藻土67%、聚乙二醇3%、NNO 7%、糊精3%，所得制剂活菌数为3.08×10⁹ CFU/g，且各项指标均符合国家标准。研究结果为藜麦茎基腐病的绿色防治及LMNS M9 -可湿性粉剂工业化生产提供理论依据。

关键词: 非洲哈茨木霉, 茄病镰孢菌, 发酵条件, 可湿性粉剂

Abstract: In order to develop a biocontrol agent for the prevention and control of quinoa basal stem rot, this study utilized Trichoderma afroharzianum LMNS-M9 as the primary research object. Its antifungal activity was determined, and then the single-factor and response surface tests were designed and performed to optimize the fermentation condition with the inhibition rate as the indexes. On this basis, the carriers and additives were screened to make wettable powder, and then the formula was optimized and the quality was tested. The results showed that strain LMNS-M9 possess high and broad-spectrum antifungal activity, and the inhibition rate against Fusarium solani reached 69.59%. The optimal fermentation conditions of strain LMNS-M9 were as follows: liquid volume 118.84 mL/250 mL, inoculum 0.51%, fermentation time 114.24 h, and rotation speed 210 r/min. After optimization, the inhibition rate of the spore solution of strain LMNS-M9 against F. solani was 86.98%, which was 125.00% higher than that before optimization. The composition of LMNS-M9 wettable powder obtained by adjuvant screening and formulation optimization is as follows: spore powder 20%, diatomite 67%, polyethylene glycol 3%, NNO 7%, dextrin 3%, spore content was 3.08×10⁹ CFU/g, all indicators meet the national standards. The results can provide a theoretical basis for the green control of quinoa basal stem rot and the industrial production of LMNS-M9 wettable powder.

Key words: Trichoderma afroharzianum, Fusarium solani, fermentation conditions, wettable powder

中图分类号:

S476

张文静, 徐紫璐, 吕红, 秦楠, 殷辉, 赵晓军, 任璐. 藜麦茎基腐病拮抗菌LMNS-M9的发酵条件优化及可湿性粉剂研制[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2025, 41(4): 862-876.

ZHANG Wenjing, XU Zilu, Lü Hong, QIN Nan, YIN Hui, ZHAO Xiaojun, REN Lu. Optimization of Fermentation Conditions of Antagonistic Fungus LMNS-M9 against Quinoa Basal Stem Rot and Development of Wettable Powder[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2025, 41(4): 862-876.

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