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中国生物防治学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6): 1439-1451.DOI: 10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2025.02.078

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

枯草芽胞杆菌GXHZ16对烟草黑胫病的生防潜力

彭宇1, 胡亚杰2, 吴惠平3, 范啟铃3, 李彩斌1, 唐艾1, 陈德慧1, 李想4, 陈建国1, 丁婷3, 吴峰2   

  1. 1. 贵州省烟草公司毕节市公司, 毕节 551700;
    2. 广西中烟工业有限责任公司, 南宁 530001;
    3. 安徽农业大学植物病虫害生物学与绿色防控安徽普通高校重点实验室, 合肥 230036;
    4. 中国烟草总公司贵州省公司, 贵阳 550000
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-13 发布日期:2025-12-22
  • 通讯作者: 吴峰
  • 作者简介:彭宇,男,硕士,高级农艺师,E-mail:pengyu215@msn.com;吴峰,通信作者,硕士,高级农艺师,E-mail:3305217484@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    中国烟草总公司重点研发项目(110202202014);广西中烟工业有限责任公司科技计划项目(2021450000340019)

Biocontrol Potential of Bacillus subtilis GXHZ16 against Tobacco Black Shank

PENG Yu1, HU Yajie2, WU Huiping3, FAN Qiling3, LI Caibin1, TANG Ai1, CHEN Dehui1, LI Xiang4, CHEN Jianguo1, DING Ting3, WU Feng2   

  1. 1. Bijie Branch of Guizhou Tobacco Company, Bijie 551700, China;
    2. China Tobacco GuangXi Industrial Company Limited, Nanning 530001, China;
    3. Key Laboratory of Biology and Sustainable Management of Plant Diseases and Pests of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China;
    4. Guizhou Tobacco Company of the China National Tobacco Corporation, Guiyang 550000, China
  • Received:2025-01-13 Published:2025-12-22

摘要: 为明确拮抗细菌GXHZ16对烟草黑胫病的生防潜力,首先根据形态特征、生理生化、16S rRNA和gyrB基因序列分析对菌株GXHZ16进行鉴定,采用盆栽试验评价GXHZ16对烟草黑胫病的防控效果;通过扫描电镜观察拮抗细菌对病原菌菌丝形态的影响,同时利用菌丝生长速率法、PCR技术分析GXHZ16脂肽粗提物抑菌活性及其含有的编码脂肽化合物合成的相关基因;通过绿色荧光蛋白(gfp)标记法获得标记菌株GXHZ16-gfp,并对其在烟株中的定殖特性进行探究。结果表明,GXHZ16为枯草芽胞杆菌Bacillus subtilis,其对烟草黑胫病的防效达到52.21%;该菌株可引起黑胫病菌菌丝干瘪、褶皱等形态畸形,其脂肽粗提物对黑胫病菌有较强抑菌活性,且该菌株含有编码制磷脂菌素、丰原素、表面活性素等脂肽化合物基因。此外,菌株GXHZ16可在烟株根际土壤以及根部稳定定殖,GXHZ16处理后的第28 d,烟株根际土壤以及根部中GXHZ16的菌量分别为25.20× 106和12.93× 105 cfu/g。该研究结果为枯草芽胞杆菌GXHZ16后期产业化开发提供理论支撑。

关键词: 烟草黑胫病菌, 枯草芽胞杆菌, 脂肽, 定殖, 生防潜力

Abstract: To clarify biocontrol potential of antagonistic bacterium GXHZ16 against tobacco black shank, the strain was first identified based on its morphological characteristics, physiological and biochemical properties, and sequence analyses of the 16S rRNA and gyrB genes. Subsequently, pot experiments were conducted to evaluate tits control efficacy against tobacco black shank. Furthermore, hyphal morphology of Phytophthora nicotianae after exposure to GXHZ16 was observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), antimicrobial activity of crude lipopeptides from GXHZ16 was assessed through mycelial growth rate assays, and PCR detection was used to identify genes encoding lipopeptides. Then, the labelled strain GXHZ16-gfp was obtained through the green fluorescent protein (gfp) tagging, and its colonization dynamics in rhizosphere soil and roots of tobacco plants were investigated. The results showed GXHZ16, identified as Bacillus subtilis, exhibited a control efficacy of 52.21% against tobacco black shank, and caused abnormal hyphal morphology of P. nicotianae. The crude lipopeptides of GXHZ16 strongly inhibited the growth of P. nicotianae, and GXHZ16 was found to contain genes encoding lipopeptides such as plipstatin, fengycin, and surfactin. In addition, GXHZ16 stably colonized the tobacco rhizosphere soil and roots, with colonization densities of 25.20× 106 and 12.93× 105 cfu/g, respectively, on the 28th day after inoculation. These findings provided a theoretical foundation for the further exploration and industrial development of GXHZ16.

Key words: Phytophthora nicotianae, Bacillus subtilis, lipopetide, colonization, biocontrol potential

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