黏质沙雷氏菌XP-1菌株的分离鉴定及其对大豆蚜的致病性

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2026.01.028

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为开发大豆蚜Aphis glycines绿色防控资源，本研究从罹病大豆蚜无翅成蚜体内分离出一株对大豆蚜具有致病性的菌株XP-1，并对其种类进行了鉴定及生物防治潜能评估。利用形态学观察、生理生化特性及分子生物学技术进行了鉴定，采用浸叶法测定其对大豆蚜成蚜的毒力，并运用年龄-阶段两性生命表评估其对大豆蚜生长发育及繁殖的影响。结果表明：菌株XP-1为黏质沙雷氏菌Serratia marcescens，浓度1×10⁶～1×10¹¹ cfu/mL处理6 d后，大豆蚜成蚜的累计校正死亡率为17.89%～58.95%，LC₅₀为6.62×10⁹ cfu/mL，浓度达1×10¹¹ cfu/mL时，LT₅₀为4.49 d；菌株XP-1胁迫可显著影响F1代若虫发育历期（1龄若蚜历期缩短、2龄若蚜历期延长），并缩短成蚜寿命，降低繁殖力并减小个体体型，导致种群净生殖率（R₀）、内禀增长率（r）、周限增长率（λ）均显著下降。菌株XP-1对大豆蚜既有直接致死作用，又有显著的跨代亚致死作用，证实其在降低大豆蚜种群规模上具有持续的生防潜力。

关键词: 大豆蚜, 黏质沙雷氏菌, 生物防治, 毒力, 亚致死效应

Abstract: To develop environment-friendly control resources for the soybean aphid, Aphis glycines, a pathogenic bacterial strain, designated XP-1, was isolated from diseased aphids. It was subsequently identified and evaluated for its potential for biological control. The isolate was identified based on morphological observation, physiological and biochemical characteristics, and molecular biology. The leaf-dipping method was used to determine its virulence against adult soybean aphids, and TWOSEX-MSChart was employed to assess its effects on aphid development and reproduction. The strain XP-1 was identified as Serratia marcescens. A 6-day exposure of aphids to the bacterial suspensions (1×10⁶ to 1×10¹¹ cfu/mL) resulted in corrected cumulative mortality ranging from 17.89 % to 58.95 %. The median lethal concentration (LC₅₀) was 6.62×10⁹ cfu/mL. At a concentration of 1×10¹¹ cfu/mL, the median lethal time (LT₅₀) was 4.49 days. Furthermore, exposure to the bacterial suspensions significantly disturbed the developmental duration of F1 generation nymphs, shortened adult longevity, reduced fecundity, and decreased body size, and led to a significant decrease in population net reproductive rate (R₀), intrinsic rate of increase (r), and finite rate of increase (λ). In conclusion, Strain XP-1 demonstrates direct toxicity and remarkable transgenerational sublethal effects, showcasing its great potential as a sustainable agent for biological control of the soybean aphid.

Key words: soybean aphid, Serratia marcescens, biological control, virulence, sublethal effect

中图分类号:

S476

姚学灵, 张傲楠, 郝子茹, 房昭涵, 崔毓航, 赵腾飞, 薛亚超, 姜博俊, 史慧茹, 刘金浩, 韩岚岚. 黏质沙雷氏菌XP-1菌株的分离鉴定及其对大豆蚜的致病性[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2026, 42(5): 1096-1103.

YAO Xueling, ZHANG Aonan, HAO Ziru, FANG Zhaohan, CUI Yuhang, ZHAO Tengfei, XUE Yachao, JIANG Bojun, SHI Huiru, LIU Jinhao, HAN Lanan. Isolation and Identification of Serratia marcescens Strain XP-1 and Analysis of Pathogenicity against Soybean Aphids[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2026, 42(5): 1096-1103.

/ 推荐

参考文献

[1] 樊东,董爽,姚磊,等.大豆蚜的发生与防控[J].吉林农业大学学报, 2025, 47(5):772-779.
[2] 农业农村部. 2022年大豆主要病虫害防控技术方案[J].中国植保导刊, 2022, 42(2):92.
[3] 张傲楠,韩岚岚,赵奎军,等.大豆蚜对不同浓度吡虫啉药剂胁迫的适应性[J].应用昆虫学报, 2020, 57(3):676-681.
[4] 孙博,梁书宝,赵伟霞. 1998年绥化地区大豆蚜大发生原因分析及防治对策[J].大豆通报, 2000(1):5.
[5] 刘振勇,李唯实.大豆蚜虫发生原因及防治措施[J].作物杂志, 2005(2):40.
[6] 徐蕾,赵彤华,邢星,等.大豆蚜阶段特异性经济阈值的制定[J].植物保护学报, 2020, 47(3):517-527.
[7] 魏然,陈祥金,李阳,等.黑龙江省近年常见大豆虫害防治方法研究进展[J].大豆科技, 2023(3):36-42.
[8] 王红.大豆病虫害防控中综合防治技术的应用价值与推广对策[J].种子世界, 2025(9):123-125.
[9] 唐平华,陈国平,朱明库,等.蚜虫防治技术研究进展[J].植物保护, 2013, 39(2):5-12, 19.
[10] 陈学新,杜永均,黄健华,等.我国作物病虫害生物防治研究与应用最新进展[J].植物保护, 2023, 49(5):340-370.
[11] 张慧,许宁,曹丽茹,等.我国微生物农药的研发与应用研究进展[J].农药学学报, 2023, 25(4):769-778.
[12] 刘兴磊,张正坤,徐文静,等.球孢白僵菌对大豆蚜毒力的室内生物学测定[J].应用昆虫学报, 2011, 48(6):1699-1702.
[13] 莽逸伦,韩岚岚,赵奎军,等.蜡蚧菌和3种低浓度杀虫剂混用对大豆蚜的影响[J].中国生物防治学报, 2018, 34(2):266-273.
[14] Nehme N T, Liégeois S, Kele B, et al. A model of bacterial intestinal infections in Drosophila melanogaster[J]. PLoS Pathogens, 2007, 3(11):e173.
[15] Wang K, Yan PS, Cao LX, et al. Potential of chitinolytic Serratia marcescens strain JPP1 for biological control of Aspergillus parasiticus and aflatoxin[J]. BioMed Research International, 2013, 2013(1):397142.
[16] Aggarwal C, Paul S, Tripathi V, et al. Characterization of putative virulence factors of Serratia marcescens strain SEN for pathogenesis in Spodoptera litura[J]. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 2017, 143:115-123.
[17] 何佳美,张怀江,孙丽娜,等.黏质沙雷氏菌分离鉴定及对桃小食心虫的致病性[J].植物保护学报, 2024, 51(6):1466-1475.
[18] 庞美玲,李贝娜,林叶邦,等.云斑白条天牛幼虫肠道致病菌的分离鉴定及杀虫活性研究[J].西南林业大学学报(自然科学版), 2023, 43(5): 177-182.
[19] 袁梓涵,王小武,丁新华,等.亚洲玉米螟越冬后幼虫致病细菌--黏质沙雷氏菌的分离鉴定及杀虫活性评价[J].中国生物防治学报, 2024, 40(2):310-318.
[20] 苏造堂,张凌英,徐天梅,等.马铃薯块茎蛾幼虫致病黏质沙雷氏菌的分离鉴定及杀虫活性[J].中国生物防治学报, 2020, 36(3):361-370.
[21] 杨建云,纪春艳,凌冰,等.黄曲条跳甲幼虫致病菌的鉴定及其对黄曲条跳甲的杀虫活性研究[J].中国生物防治学报, 2014, 30(3):434-440.
[22] Zhang A, Dou N, Qu Z, et al. Effects of the termination of LC30 imidacloprid stress on the multigeneration adaptive strategies of Aphis glycines population[J]. Frontiers in Physiology, 2023, 14:1153249.
[23] 赵斌,何绍江.微生物学实验[M].北京:科学出版社, 2002.
[24] 东秀珠,蔡妙英.常见细菌系统鉴定手册[M].北京:科学出版社, 2001.
[25] 赵雅贤,王桂兴,郝耀彤,等.一株牙鲆源黏质沙雷氏菌YP1的分离鉴定及致病性分析[J].微生物学报, 2022, 62(12):4854-4867.
[26] 徐超,康文通,张华峰,等.病原细菌和绿僵菌对椰心叶甲的联合毒力与相容性[J].森林与环境学报, 2019, 39(1):70-76.
[27] Zhang A, Zhou W, Wu D, et al. Effects of multigenerational imidacloprid and thiamethoxam stress on metabolism and physiology of Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera:Aphididae)[J]. PLoS ONE, 2022, 17(7):e0271069.
[28] Wadley F M. Probit Analysis:a statistical treatment of the sigmoid response curve[J]. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 1952, 45(4): 686-686.
[29] Chi H. Life-table analysis incorporating both sexes and variable development rates among individuals[J]. Environmental Entomology, 1988, 17(1):26-34.
[30] Chi H, You M, Atlıhan R, et al. Age-Stage, two-sex life table:an introduction to theory, data analysis, and application[J]. Entomologia Generalis, 2020, 40(2):103-124.
[31] Li Y, Wang S, Zhang K, et al. Serratia marcescens in the intestine of housefly larvae inhibits host growth by interfering with gut microbiota[J]. Parasites &Vectors, 2023, 16(1):196.
[32] 杨奇龙,李贝娜,杨振德,等.粘质沙雷氏菌BS-1对云斑白条天牛幼虫体内蛋白质含量和防御类酶活性的影响[J].福建农林大学学报(自然科学版), 2025, 54(6):721-730.
[33] 杨建云,曹溪,纪春艳,等.粘质沙雷氏菌菌株PS-1对甜菜夜蛾种群增长的抑制作用[J].中国生物防治学报, 2015, 31(4):501-507.
[34] Lin D J, Zhou J X, Ali A, et al. Biocontrol efficiency and characterization of insecticidal protein from sugarcane endophytic Serratia marcescens (SM) against oriental armyworm Mythimna separata (Walker)[J]. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2024, 262(Pt 2):129978.