小麦全蚀病生防细菌的筛选和鉴定

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2018.06.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为获得对小麦全蚀病菌有良好拮抗效果的生防菌株，分别从河南省商丘市及驻马店市小麦全蚀病发生田块中采集小麦根际土样，采用稀释平板涂布法共分离到1051株细菌，通过与全蚀病菌G1037菌株进行平板对峙筛选，最终获得9株具有明显拮抗效果且生长状况良好的菌株。16S rDNA序列比对及生理生化性状分析结果表明：菌株P155、P154、P16及P147为荧光假单胞菌Pseudomonas fluorescens，菌株P188和P97为恶臭假单胞菌Pseudomonas putida，菌株LY3为产酶溶杆菌Lysobacter enzymogenes，菌株S38为嗜根寡养单胞菌Stenotrophomonas rhizophila，菌株B20为洋葱伯克霍尔德Burkholderia cepacia。产抗生素相关基因的检测结果发现，菌株P147含吩嗪和硝吡咯菌素合成基因，菌株B20含硝吡咯菌素合成基因。除B20、LY3、S38和P147外，其余菌株均可产生嗜铁素。9株细菌都产蛋白酶。除P97、B20和S38外，其余菌株均可产脂肽类物质。盆栽试验结果表明，9株生防菌对小麦全蚀病都具有较好的防治效果，菌株P155和P154的防治效果最好，相对防效分别为67.11%和63.82%，略高于3%的苯醚甲环唑种衣剂的防治效果。研究结果表明这些细菌具有作为小麦全蚀病生防菌的潜力。

关键词: 小麦全蚀病, 生防细菌, 鉴定

Abstract: Take-all caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici is a devastating wheat disease in some areas of China. In order to obtain biocontrol bacteria against this disease, we collected wheat plants from fields where take-all had occurred for years in Shangqiu and Zhumadian of Henan province and isolated 1051 bacteria strains from the wheat rhizosphere. Using plate confrontation method, we ultimately obtained 9 bacteria strains that have stronger antagonistic effect on G. graminis var. tritici. On the basis of molecular analysis of 16S rDNA sequences, as well as physiological and biochemical characteristics, 4 strains were identified as Pseudomonas fluorescens. Two strains were P. putida. Another 3 strains were Lysobacter enzymogenes, Burkholderia cepacia, Stenotrophomonas rhizophila. The pyrrolnitrin synthesis gene PrnD was detected in strain P147 and B20. The phenazine synthesis gene PhzCD was detected in strain P147. All strains produced protease. Except B20, LY3, S38 and P147, the other strains produced siderophore. Apart from P97 and P188, the other 7 strains produced lipopeptides. The control efficacy of all strains on take-all in greenhouse was over 50%, which was similar to that of fungicide difenoconazole (61.11%). Among them, strain P154 and P155 had the highest effect to disease and their control efficacy was 67.11% and 63.82% respectively. The results showed that these strains have the potential for take-all biocontrol.

Key words: Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici, biocontrol bacterium, identification

中图分类号:

S476

杨春云, 邓渊钰, 李伟, 孙海燕, 张爱香, 陈怀谷. 小麦全蚀病生防细菌的筛选和鉴定[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2018, 34(6): 873-881.

YANG Chunyun, DENG Yuanyu, LI Wei, SUN Haiyan, ZHANG Aixiang, CHEN Huaigu. Screening, Identfication and Biocontrol Potential of Antagonistic Bacteria against Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici[J]. journal1, 2018, 34(6): 873-881.

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