江原钝绥螨对三种橘园害虫的捕食能力

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2021.03.018

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 江原钝绥螨Amblyseius eharaiAmitai et Swirski广泛分布于我国各地的柑橘产区，是我国柑橘园的捕食螨优势种之一。由于滥用化学农药，大量叶螨天敌受到危害，叶螨的抗药性却逐年增强。利用天敌生物防治叶螨成为近年来柑橘害螨绿色防控的重要措施。本文主要研究了江原钝绥螨对柑橘全爪螨Panonychus citri McGregor、柑橘粉虱Dialeurodes citri Ashm和黄胸蓟马Thrips hawaiiensis Morgan等3种橘园害虫的捕食能力及选择性。结果表明，江原钝绥螨在28 ℃时，24 h内可以捕食柑橘全爪螨幼若螨约18.5头、柑橘粉虱1龄若虫约13.9头、黄胸蓟马1龄若虫约10.4头，且对3种猎物的功能反应均为HollingⅡ型。江原钝绥螨在28 ℃时具有最高的捕食效能，温度过高或过低，均会减弱江原钝绥螨对猎物的捕食能力。在柑橘全爪螨、柑橘粉虱和黄胸蓟马这3种猎物同时存在的情况下，江原钝绥螨会优先捕食柑橘全爪螨，占被捕食的比例为82.14%。江原钝绥螨雌成螨对柑橘全爪螨各螨态的取食具有选择性，其幼、若螨是江原钝绥螨的嗜好虫态。本研究表明江原钝绥螨对柑橘全爪螨、柑橘粉虱、黄胸蓟马均有较强的控制潜力，为江原钝绥螨的田间应用提供了理论依据。

关键词: 江原钝绥螨, 柑橘全爪螨, 柑橘粉虱, 黄胸蓟马, 生物防治

Abstract: As one of the dominant species of predatory mites in citrus orchards, Amblyseius eharai Amitai et Swirski is widely distributed in citrus production areas in China. The indiscriminate use of chemical pesticides is harmful to a large number of natural enemies of spider mites, while the drug resistance is increasing year by year. The use of natural enemy organisms to control spider mites has become an important green control measure for citrus pest mites in recent years. In this paper, the predatory ability and selectivity of A. eharai on three orchard pests, including Panonychus citri McGregor, Dialeurodes citri Ashm and Thrips hawaiiensis Morgan, were investigated. The results showed that, A. eharai could prey on about 18.5 larva and nymphs of P. citri, 13.9 nymphs of D. citri, and 10.4 nymphs of T. hawaiiensis within 24 h at 28℃. The functional responses to these three prey species were of Holling II type. The predation efficiency of A. eharai is highest at 28℃, but much higher or lower temperature will reduce the predation ability. While P. citri, D. citri and T. hawaiiensis exist at the same time, A. eharai would preferentially prey on P. citri, accounting for 82.14% of the prey taken. Female adult A. eharai are selective for feeding on all developmental stages of the P. citri, and their larva and nymph are the preferred stages. Our study shows that A. eharai has strong potential to control P. citri, D. citri and T. hawaiiensis, which provides a theoretical basis for the field application of A. eharai.

Key words: Amblyseius eharai, Panonychus citri, Dialeurodes citri, Thrips hawaiiensis, biological control

中图分类号:

S476.2

李晓杨, 赵文娟, 郑薇薇, 张宏宇. 江原钝绥螨对三种橘园害虫的捕食能力[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2021, 37(3): 443-450.

LI Xiaoyang, ZHAO Wenjuan, ZHENG Weiwei, ZHANG Hongyu. Predation Abilities of the Amblyseius eharai on Different Prey Species[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2021, 37(3): 443-450.

参考文献

[1] 马凤梅, 李敦松, 张宝鑫. 中国柑桔病虫害及其综合治理研究概述[J]. 中国生物防治, 2007(S1):87-92.
[2] 王志静, 吴黎明, 何利刚, 等. 湖北柑橘主产区主要病虫害种类及防治技术[J]. 湖北植保, 2019(6):44-47.
[3] Kasap I. Biological control of the citrus red mite Panonychus citri by the predator mite Typhlodromus athiasae on two citrus cultivars under greenhouse conditions[J]. BiolControl, 2011, 56(3):327-332.
[4] 毛加梅, 付小猛, 王自然, 等. 我国柑橘园病虫害有机防控现状和展望[J]. 中国果树, 2018(2):44-47.
[5] 张振, 封海东, 秦光明, 等. 柑橘全爪螨药剂防治研究进展[J]. 农业与技术, 2017(12):64-65.
[6] Osakabe M, Goka K, Toda S, et al. Significance of habitat type for the genetic population structure of Panonychus citri (Acari:Tetranychidae)[J]. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 2005, 36(1-2):25-40.
[7] Vassiliou V A, Papadoulis G. First record of the citrus red mite Panonychus citri in Cyprus[J]. Phytoparasitica, 2009, 37(1):99-100.
[8] 罗守进. 柑橘几种主要病虫害的识别与防治[J]. 农业灾害研究, 2014(10):28-33,47.
[9] 万珊, 李绍勤, 张宏宇. 柑橘粉虱对柑橘叶片及其挥发物的行为反应[J]. 植物保护学报, 2010, 37(6):522-528.
[10] 王建盼, 覃盛, 刘飞飞, 等. 柑橘粉虱与主要捕食性天敌之间的空间关系研究[J]. 中国生态农业学报, 2015(4):454-464.
[11] 付步礼, 邱海燕, 李强, 等. 东亚小花蝽对黄胸蓟马的室内捕食作用研究[J]. 应用昆虫学报, 2019, 56(1):91-98.
[12] Abad-Moyano R, Pina T, Dembilio O, et al. Survey of natural enemies of spider mites (Acari:Tetranychidae) in citrus orchards in eastern Spain[J]. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 2009, 47(1):49-61.
[13] 章伟年, 罗志义. 江原钝绥螨发育历期及雌成螨生殖特性的初步观察[J]. 生物防治通报, 1990(4):151-152.
[14] 季洁, 林涛, 张艳璇, 等. 江原钝绥螨雌成螨对烟粉虱卵的选择性和捕食功能研究[J]. 福建农业学报, 2013, 28(7):705-708.
[15] 季洁, 张艳璇, 陈霞, 等. 多次释放胡瓜新小绥螨对橘园节肢动物群落多样性的影响[J]. 生物多样性, 2012, 20(1):24-31.
[16] 姚海峰. 八节黄蓟马生物防治与化学防治技术研究[D]. 武汉:华中农业大学, 2012.
[17] Solomon M E. The natural control of animal populations[J]. Journal of Animal Ecology, 1949, 18(1):1-35.
[18] Holling C S. The components of predation as revealed by a study of small mammal predation of the European pine sawfly[J]. Canadian Entomologist, 1959, 91(5):293-320.
[19] 李朋新. 巴氏钝绥螨实验种群生态学研究[D]. 南昌:南昌大学, 2008.
[20] 张艳璇. 胡瓜钝绥螨(Amblyseius cucumeris)对柑橘全爪螨(Panonychus citri)捕食能力研究[C]. 中国昆虫学会.当代昆虫学研究, 2004, 651-656.
[21] 凌鹏, 夏斌, 李朋新, 等. 巴氏钝绥螨对柑桔全爪螨的捕食效能[J]. 蛛形学报, 2008(1):29-34.
[22] 罗育发, 钟八莲. 巴氏新小绥螨和尼氏真绥螨的耐饥能力及饥饿对其雌成螨捕食作用的影响[J]. 中国南方果树, 2012, 41(1):1-6.
[23] Shipp J L, Whitfield G H. Functional response of the predatory mite, Amblyseius cucumeris (Acari:Phytoseiidae), on western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera:Thripidae)[J]. Environmental Entomology, 1991, 20(2):694-699.
[24] Sengonea C, Zegula T, Blaeser P. The suitability of twelve different predatory mite species for the biological control of Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera:Thripidae)[J]. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, 2004, 11(4):388-399.
[25] Zhi J R, Ren S X. The functional response and numerical response of Amblyseius cucumeris (Acar:i Phytoseiidae) on Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera:Thripidae)[J]. Journal of South China Agricultural University, 2006, 27(3):35-38.
[26] Hansen L S. The effect of initial thrips density (Thrips tabaci Lind. (Thysanoptera:Thripidae)) on the control exerted by Amblyseius barkeri (Hughes) (Acarina:Phytoseiidae) on glasshouse cucumber[J]. Journal of Applied Entomology, 1989, 107:130-135.
[27] 韦德卫, 曾涛, 蒲天胜. 四种植绥螨的功能反应和数值反应[J]. 西南农业学报, 1995(1):120-123.
[28] 吴坤君, 盛承发, 龚佩瑜. 捕食性昆虫的功能反应方程及其参数的估算[J]. 昆虫知识, 2004(3):267-269.
[29] 黄婕, 王蔓, 门兴元, 等. 加州新小绥螨对苹果全爪螨各螨态的捕食作用[J]. 植物保护学报, 2020, 47(1):46-52.
[30] 李庆, 崔琦, 蒋春先, 等. 加州新小绥螨对朱砂叶螨的控制作用[J]. 植物保护报, 2014, 41(3):257-262.
[31] 尚素琴, 郑开福, 张新虎. 巴氏钝绥螨对二斑叶螨的捕食功能反应[J]. 植物保护学报, 2015, 42(3):316-320.
[32] 江汉华, 李秀清, 姚正昌, 等. 江原钝绥螨的生物学及其对柑桔全爪螨捕食作用的研究[J]. 昆虫天敌, 1988(3):165-169.
[33] 陈守坚, 周芬薇, 庄胜概, 等. 德氏钝绥螨的生物学和利用[J]. 昆虫学报, 1982(1):49-55.