Research Progress in the Functions and Mode of Actions of Insect Adipokinetic Hormones

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2021.07.015

Abstract

Abstract: Adipokinetic hormone (AKH) is one of the most important neuropeptides regulating energy homeostasis in insects by inducing mobilization of energetic substrates in the fat body to fuel energy-consuming activities. Early studies on AKH had focused on unveiling the functions and signal transduction of AKH on promoting catabolism of nutrient reserves, such as triacylglycerol and glycogen, during insect locomotion including flight and walking. Recent studies have illustrated that AKH/AKH receptor system is involved in mobilization of nutrient stores during insect vitellogenesis and lactation. Additionally, AKHs also play important roles in homeostasis maintenance under stress conditions including antioxidant, starvation, and immunity. Accumulating evidence suggests that, as a key hormone for mobilizing energy stores, AKH is a pleotropic factor involved in many physiological events. Here we reviewed the functions and modes of action of AKHs in insect locomotion, reproduction and stress resistance, aiming to support further uncovering the molecular mechanism of AKH signaling pathway in regulation of insect energy homeostasis, and elaborating genetic basis of long-distance migration, high fertility and anti-stresses in pests.

Key words: adipokinetic hormone, energy homeostasis, flight, reproduction, stress adaptation

CLC Number:

S481.4

ZHENG Hongyuan, FAN Shufan. Research Progress in the Functions and Mode of Actions of Insect Adipokinetic Hormones[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2022, 38(3): 689-699.

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