Determination of Larval Instars and Duration of the Tomato Leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera:Gelechiidae)

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2022.03.024

Abstract

Abstract: The tomato leafminer Tuta absoluta (Meyrick), originated in Peru, South America, is a worldwide destructive pest of tomato. In China, T. absoluta was first detected in Xinjiang in 2017 and has posed a potential threat to China’s tomato and other grain and vegetable solanaceous crops. Division of larval instars of the leafminer is important for studies of biological characteristics, population dynamics, and population monitoring and prediction and control, such as biocontrol based on larval parasitoids. The head capsule width is an important index for larval instar division. The number of larval instars was determined and tested according to the frequency distribution analysis, Dyar’s rule, Crosby’s growth rule, as well as regressive analysis based on two measured parameters, the head capsule width and body length. The head capsule width of the leafminer larvae fitted well with the Dyar’s rule and Crosby’s growth rule. There was an obvious exponential regression relationship between the number of larval instars and the head capsule width, showing that the head capsule width can be used as an important index for larval instar division. The larvae of T. absoluta can be divided into four instars. The values of the head capsule width of the 1^st, 2^nd, 3^rd, and 4^th instar larvae were 0.1375―0.1575 mm, 0.2125―0.2725 mm, 0.3200―0.4100 mm, and 0.4975―0.5800 mm, respectively. The values of body length corresponding to the above four larval instars were 0.80―1.52 mm, 0.91―3.33 mm, 2.42―4.89 mm, and 4.18―7.32 mm, respectively, which could be used as an auxiliary index to determine the number of larval instars of the tomato leafminer. At 27℃, the larvae completed development in 13 d, the 1^st, 2^nd, 3^rd, and 4^th larval instars lasted 1―4 d, 3―6 d, 4―7 d, and 6―15 d, respectively. Thus, the T. absoluta larvae are divided into four instars according to the head capsule width, while the body length can be used as an auxiliary index in larval instar division duo to its great variation in the same and between instars.

Key words: Tuta absoluta, larval instar, head capsule width, regressive analysis, body length

CLC Number:

S476

ZHANG Guifen, YIN Huijun, WANG Yusheng, LI Zhenjiang, BI Siyan, WANG Rui, LIU Wanxue, WAN Fanghao. Determination of Larval Instars and Duration of the Tomato Leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera:Gelechiidae)[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2023, 39(2): 340-345.

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