Efficacy of Thymus mongolicus and Cinnamomum cassia Essential Oil and Their Major Components Thymol and Cinnamaldehyde on Peanut Pod Rot

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2025.02.014

Abstract

Abstract: Peanut pod rot is a soil-borne disease mainly caused by Fusarium solani and F. oxysporum. Currently, there was no effective registered fungicides and methods to control peanut pod rot, thereby causing serious economic losses on peanut industry. This study screened the antifungal activity of 26 essential oils against F. solani and F. oxysporum using the mycelial growth inhibition method and found that Thymus mongolicus and Cinnamomum cassia essential oils showed highest inhibitory activity. Then, we analyzed the chemical components of T. mongolicus and C. cassia essential oils using GC-MS and determined the inhibitory effects of two essential oils and their major components thymol and cinnamaldehyde against the mycelial growth and spore germination of two Fusarium pathogens using the mycelial growth inhibition method and spore germination method. Finaly, the protective and curative efficacy of these test essential oils and compounds were determined on detached peanuts by artificial inoculation. Results indicated that thymol and cinnamaldehyde was the highly antifungal compound of T. mongolicus and C. cassia essential oil, respectively. The EC50 value of T. mongolicus essential oil, C. cassia essential oil, thymol and cinnamaldehyde against F. solani was 444.44, 295.66, 74.35 and 286.09 mg/L, respectively; and their inhibition at 100 mg/L on the spore germination of F. solani was 63.33%, 75.33%, 94.67% and 47.33%, respectively. The curative efficacy of each test substance was higher than its protective efficacy. At 500 mg/L, the efficacy of thymol (97.67%), cinnamaldehyde (94.57%), C. cassia essential oil (96.30%) was significantly higher than that of T. mongolicus essential oil (45.18%). Above results showed that thymol, cinnamaldehyde, C. cassia essential oil had great potential to be used as botanical fungicides to control peanut pod rot.

Key words: peanut pod rot, Thymus mongolicus essential oil, Cinnamomum cassia essential oil, thymol, cinnamaldehyde

CLC Number:

S476

SHEN Sirui, HE Leiming, JIA Chenjing, HUANG Zhaoyang, WANG Qinqin, ZHANG Fulong, CUI Kaidi, ZHOU Lin. Efficacy of Thymus mongolicus and Cinnamomum cassia Essential Oil and Their Major Components Thymol and Cinnamaldehyde on Peanut Pod Rot[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2025, 41(2): 446-457.

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