梨炭疽菌拮抗细菌CL01的鉴定及其抗菌活性

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2021.04.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为挖掘可用于防治梨炭疽病的生防资源，从江苏句容梨园根际土壤中分离筛选到1株对梨炭疽菌具有较强拮抗效果的菌株CL01。基于菌落菌体形态、生理生化特征、16S rDNA和rpoB基因序列，该菌株被鉴定为奥托威类芽胞杆菌Paenibacillus ottowii。CL01能够抑制梨炭疽菌菌丝的生长，受抑制的真菌菌落边缘菌丝变得稠密，分支增多，局部膨大，在PDA皿上抑菌带宽达（8.2±0.4）mm。扫描电镜观察发现，CL01发酵液能够破坏梨炭疽菌细胞壁完整性，导致菌丝皱缩、塌陷。CL01发酵液还能够抑制梨炭疽菌分生孢子的萌发和芽管的伸长，经发酵液处理后的孢子萌发率降至50%以下。用正丁醇萃取法提取的CL01发酵液粗提物对梨炭疽菌具有抑菌活性，抑菌带宽可达到（7.3±0.2） mm。CL01发酵液和发酵液正丁醇粗提物均可以有效抑制梨炭疽病斑的扩展，防治效果分别达到了62.0%和83.0%。此外，CL01还对多种植物病原菌表现出拮抗活性，具有开发应用的潜力。

关键词: 梨炭疽病, 拮抗细菌, 类芽胞杆菌, 生物防治

Abstract: In order to obtain antagonistic bacteria for the biocontrol of pear anthracnose, we isolated bacteria from the rhizosphere soil of pear orchards in Jurong, Jiangsu Province. One of the isolates named CL01 showed good antagonistic effect on C. fructicola. The isolate CL01 was identified as Paenibacillus ottowii by morphology, physiological and biochemical characterization, and 16S rDNA and rpoB gene sequence analysis. CL01 can inhibit the growth of C. fructicola mycelium, and the inhibition zone width reaches (8.2±0.4) mm on PDA plates. The marginal hyphae of the inhibited fungal colony become dense, hyperbranched and locally swollen. Scanning electron microscope observation revealed that the CL01 fermentation broth can destroy the integrity of the cell wall of C. fructicola, causing the hyphae to shrink and collapse. CL01 fermentation broth can also reduce the germination rate of C. fructicola conidia and inhibit the elongation of the germ tube, and conidia germination rate decreased to less than 50% after treatment with fermentation broth. The n-butanol crude extract of CL01 fermentation broth had antagonistic activity against C. fructicola, and the inhibition zone width can reach (7.3±0.2) mm. Both the CL01 fermentation broth and the n-butanol crude extract of the fermentation broth can effectively inhibit the expansion of pear anthracnose spots, and the control efficacies reached 62.0% and 83.0%, respectively. In addition, CL01 also showed antagonistic activity against a variety of phytopathogens and had the potential to be developed as a biocontrol agent.

Key words: pear anthracnose, antagonistic bacteria, Paenibacillus, biocontrol

中图分类号:

S476

李朝辉, 包艳, 苗成琪, 凌军, 孙伟波, 赵延存, 徐会永, 刘凤权. 梨炭疽菌拮抗细菌CL01的鉴定及其抗菌活性[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2021, 37(4): 837-845.

LI Chaohui, BAO Yan, MIAO Chengqi, LING Jun, SUN Weibo, ZHAO Yancun, XU Huiyong, LIU Fengquan. Identification of Antagonistic Bacteria CL01 against Pear Anthracnose and Its Anti-Pathogenic Activity[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2021, 37(4): 837-845.

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