木薯炭疽病拮抗木霉菌筛选与室内防效研究

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2021.06.012

中国生物防治学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (1): 115-124.DOI: 10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2021.06.012

木薯炭疽病拮抗木霉菌筛选与室内防效研究

张静雅¹, 李欣雨¹, 张成¹, 王伟伟², 张鹏¹, 侯巨梅², 刘铜^1,2

1. 海南大学植物保护学院/热带农林生物灾害绿色防控教育部重点实验室, 海口 570228;
2. 海南省绿色农用生物制剂创制工程研究中心(海南大学), 海口 570228

收稿日期:2021-02-23 出版日期:2022-02-08 发布日期:2022-03-01
通讯作者: 刘铜,教授,E-mail:liutongamy@sina.com
作者简介:张静雅,硕士,E-mail:zjy3058990635@163.com
基金资助:
中国热带科学院香饮所省部重点实验室及工程技术研究中心开放课题（2019xys001）；国家自然科学基金（31760510）

Screening of Antagonistic Trichoderma against Cassava Anthracnose and Investigation on Its Control Effect in Laboratory

ZHANG Jingya¹, LI Xinyu¹, ZHANG Cheng¹, WANG Weiwei², ZHANG Peng¹, HOU Jumei², LIU Tong^1,2

1. Plant Protection College of Hainan University/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Agroforestry Biological Disasters, Ministry of Education, Haikou 570228, China;
2. Engineering Center of Agricultural Microbial Preparation Research and Development of Hainan(Hainan University), Haikou 570228, China

Received:2021-02-23 Online:2022-02-08 Published:2022-03-01

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本文对木薯炭疽病的病原进行鉴定，筛选和鉴定拮抗该病原物的木霉菌，并测定了其室内防效。通过组织分离法和柯赫氏法则，明确了引起木薯炭疽病的病原菌为胶孢炭疽菌Colletotrichum gloeosporioides；采用平板对峙试验，从15株木霉菌中筛选获得3株对胶孢炭疽菌具有较强抑制作用的木霉菌LG004-52、LS073-23和ZJB3-12，其抑制率分别为82.69%、83.45%和82.69%；通过挥发性物质和发酵液的抑菌试验，发现3株木霉菌挥发性物质对木薯炭疽病菌抑制率均达到50%以上，木霉菌ZJB3-12的发酵液对该病原菌抑制率达到100%；经形态学观察和rpb2基因系统发育进化树分析，木霉菌LG004-52、LS073-23和ZJB3-12分别为短密木霉Trichoderma breve、棘孢木霉Trichoderma asperellum和长枝木霉Trichoderma longibrachiatum；通过室内防效试验测定，发现长枝木霉ZJB3-12能较强地抑制木薯炭疽病在叶片上的病斑，与对照相比，其抑制率达到75.37%。以上研究结果表明，长枝木霉ZJB3-12对木薯炭疽病具有潜在的生防功能，将为开发木霉菌制剂在木薯上的应用奠定基础。

关键词: 木薯炭疽病, 木霉菌, 挥发性物质, 发酵液, 生防

Abstract: The pathogen of cassava anthracnose was identified, and its antagonistic Trichoderma isolates were screened and identified. Through the method of tissue separation and Koch's rule, the pathogen of cassava anthracnose was identified as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Three Trichoderma strains (LG004-52, LS073-23 and ZJB3-12) showing strong inhibitory effect against C. gloeosporioides were screened from 15 strains of Trichoderma strains, with inhibition rates of 82.7%, 82.7% and 83.5%, respectively. Through the antimicrobial test of volatiles and fermentation broth, it was found that the inhibition ratios of volatiles produced by the three Trichoderma strains were all more than 50% and inhibition rate of the fermentation broth produced by Trichoderma ZJB3-12 reached to 100%. Based on morphological observation and phylogenetic analysis of rpb2 gene, LG004-52, LS073-23 and ZJB3-12 were identified as T. breve, T. asperellum and T. longibrachiatum, respectively. Indoor control effect test showed that the Trichoderma ZJB3-12 could strongly inhibit the lesion formation of cassava anthracnose disease, and the inhibition rate was 68.5% compared with the control. These results showed that T. longibrachiatum ZJB3-12 has the potential to be developed as bioctmtrol agent for cassava anthracnose control.

Key words: cassava anthracnose, Trichoderma spp., volatile substances, fermented broths, biocontrol

中图分类号:

S476

张静雅, 李欣雨, 张成, 王伟伟, 张鹏, 侯巨梅, 刘铜. 木薯炭疽病拮抗木霉菌筛选与室内防效研究[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2022, 38(1): 115-124.

ZHANG Jingya, LI Xinyu, ZHANG Cheng, WANG Weiwei, ZHANG Peng, HOU Jumei, LIU Tong. Screening of Antagonistic Trichoderma against Cassava Anthracnose and Investigation on Its Control Effect in Laboratory[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2022, 38(1): 115-124.

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木薯炭疽病拮抗木霉菌筛选与室内防效研究

Screening of Antagonistic Trichoderma against Cassava Anthracnose and Investigation on Its Control Effect in Laboratory

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