海藻渣复配微生物菌剂防治黄瓜苗期枯萎病的协同增效作用

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2021.08.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 海藻渣资源化高效利用对环境保护具有重要意义。通过比较海藻渣与棘孢木霉菌剂、解淀粉芽胞杆菌菌剂单一和复配使用对黄瓜苗期枯萎病的防效和寄主防御反应的影响，明确海藻渣和复合菌剂协同增效作用。结果表明，1%海藻渣+3.0×10⁵cfu/g棘孢木霉菌剂+2.0×10⁸cfu/g解淀粉芽胞杆菌菌剂（T1）拌土处理对枯萎病防效达93.39%，较单独使用棘孢木霉+解淀粉芽胞杆菌混合菌剂（T3）提高11.71%。接种镰孢菌9 d后，T1处理的叶片POD、SOD、CAT、PPO、PAL活性均显著高于T3，T1处理的叶片和根部SA含量也显著高于T3，证明了海藻渣的添加增强了木霉和芽胞杆菌对黄瓜枯萎病的防效。T1诱导黄瓜SA防御反应基因表达也有类似变化规律。相关性分析表明，添加海藻渣与木霉和芽胞杆菌诱导黄瓜抗枯萎病相关信号物质产生和基因及酶活表达呈正相关。综合上述研究结果，证明了三种组分的复合制剂协同产生的微生态效应和系统诱导抗性作用是防治黄瓜苗期枯萎病协同增效的主要原因。

关键词: 木霉菌, 芽胞杆菌, 海藻渣, 黄瓜枯萎病, 系统诱导抗性

Abstract: The efficient utilization of seaweed residue is of great significance to environmental protection. This study aimed to understand the synergistic effects of seaweed residue, Trichoderma asperellum, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens against cucumber Fusarium wilt by comparing seaweed residue and Trichoderma+Bacillus in single or in combination. The results showed that soil treatment with 1% seaweed residue+3.0×10⁵cfu/g Trichoderma asperellum+2.0×10⁸cfu/g Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (T1) could effectively improve the control effect against cucumber Fusarium wilt, with the efficacy of 93.39%. Compared with Trichoderma+Bacillus (T3), T1 increased the contol efficacy by 11.71%. After 9 days of inoculation with Fusarium oxysporum, compared with T3, T1 was more effective in the induction of POD, SOD, CAT, PPO and PAL enzyme activities in leaves and the accumulation of endogenous salicylic acid in roots and leaves, indicating that the addition of seaweed residue enhanced the control effect of Trichoderma and Bacillus on cucumber Fusarium wilt. The qPCR results showed that the addition of seaweed residue enhanced the ability of Trichoderma and Bacillus to induce defense response, and the expression level of SA pathway gene increased. Correlation analysis showed that the addition of seaweed residue was positively correlated with Trichoderma and Bacillus to induce the production of signal substances related to cucumber Fusarium wilt resistance and the expression of genes and enzyme activities. In conclusion, the major reason that the micro-ecological effect and systemic induced resistance effect against the cucumber Fusarium wilt was significantly generated by the synergistic action among seaweed residue, Trichoderma and Bacillus.

Key words: Trichoderma, Bacillus, seaweed residue, cucumber Fusarium wilt, induced systemic resistance

中图分类号:

S476

郝大志, 王咏坤, 陈捷, 辛舟生, 高永东. 海藻渣复配微生物菌剂防治黄瓜苗期枯萎病的协同增效作用[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2022, 38(1): 97-107.

HAO Dazhi, WANG Yongkun, CHEN Jie, XIN Zhousheng, Gao Yongdong. Synergistic Effect of Seaweed Residue Combined with Microbial Inoculum on Cucumber Fusarium Wilt Control[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2022, 38(1): 97-107.

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