15种杀虫剂对大豆蚜的室内毒力测定

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2026.01.020

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 大豆蚜Aphis glycines是大豆的重要害虫之一，鉴于其发生和为害特点，在田间常采用化学药剂进行防治，为筛选出对大豆蚜防治效果较好的药剂，同时兼顾大豆蚜的绿色防控，本研究采用浸叶法测定了9种化学杀虫剂和6种生物源杀虫剂对大豆蚜的室内毒力，并以致死中浓度（LC₅₀）为指标进行毒力评价。试验结果表明，化学杀虫剂对大豆蚜的毒力由高到低依次为高效氯氟氰菊酯、吡虫啉、噻虫嗪、抗蚜威、氟啶虫胺腈、烯啶虫胺、啶虫脒、吡蚜酮、呋虫胺；生物源杀虫剂毒力由高到低依次为乙基多杀菌素、除虫菊素、鱼藤酮、双丙环虫酯、印楝素、苦参碱。综合考虑大豆蚜抗药性发展和绿色防控技术，建议轮换使用噻虫嗪、抗蚜威、氟啶虫胺腈、乙基多杀菌素和除虫菊素等不同作用机制的杀虫剂防治大豆蚜。研究结果可为大豆蚜的科学用药和绿色防治提供理论依据。

关键词: 大豆蚜, 毒力测定, 化学杀虫剂, 生物源杀虫剂

Abstract: The soybean aphid, Aphis glycines, is a major pest in soybean fields. Given its occurrence and damage characteristics, chemical insecticides are commonly employed for its control. To identify highly effective agents against A. glycines while promoting its green management, this study evaluated the toxicity of 9 chemical insecticides and 6 biogenic insecticides against A. glycines using the leaf-dipping method. Toxicity was assessed based on the median lethal concentration (LC₅₀) values, and the insecticidal potency of chemical insecticides ranked from highest to lowest was lambda-cyhalothrin, imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, pirimicarb, sulfoxaflor, nitenpyram, acetamiprid, pymetrozine, and flupyradifurone. Among the biological insecticides, the toxicity was ranked as spinetoram, pyrethrins, rotenone, afidopyropen, azadirachtin, and matrine. The results show that thiamethoxam, pirimicarb, sulfoxaflor, spinetoram, and pyrethrins are optimal for use in a rotational program to control A. glycines, considering the development of insecticide resistance and the implementation of eco-friendly pest management strategies. These findings provide a scientific basis for the integrated and sustainable management of A. glycines in soybean production.

Key words: Aphis glycines, toxicity test, chemical insecticides, biogenic insecticides

中图分类号:

S476

王振, 李继文, 焦晓丹, 田镇齐, 梁宗蕾, 贾玉龙, 戴长春, 樊东. 15种杀虫剂对大豆蚜的室内毒力测定[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2026, 42(5): 1309-1314.

WANG Zhen, LI Jiwen, JIAO Xiaodan, TIAN Zhenqi, LIANG Zonglei, JIA Yulong, DAI Changchun, FAN Dong. Laboratory Toxicity of Chemical and Biogenic Insecticides against Aphis glycines[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2026, 42(5): 1309-1314.

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