盐碱地来源抗逆芽胞杆菌的分离鉴定及生防活性研究

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2026.02.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为筛选兼具耐盐碱特性与生防潜力的微生物资源，本研究从新疆耐盐碱植物根际土壤中分离出6株芽胞杆菌。经全基因组测序与分类学鉴定，菌株hST19、hST20、hST18和hST16分别属于地衣芽胞杆菌、鲁戈斯芽胞杆菌、斯韦齐氏芽胞杆菌和死谷芽胞杆菌；菌株hST8和hST9与已知模式菌株亲缘关系较远，可能为潜在新种。适应性分析表明，所有分离菌株均能在45℃高温、pH 10.0及10% NaCl条件下生长，其中hST8、hST9、hST16、hST18和hST19在pH 12.0下仍可正常生长，耐盐碱能力显著优于部分对照生防菌株。生防功能评价显示，hST8和hST20对植物病原细菌具有拮抗作用；菌株hST20、hST9、hST16和hST18对3种猕猴桃软腐病原真菌均表现出抑制活性。除hST9外，分离菌株产生的挥发性有机物均可抑制病原真菌生长；离体果实防效试验表明，hST16和hST18能有效减轻间座壳菌引起的猕猴桃软腐病害。本研究分离的芽胞杆菌兼具耐盐碱特性和多重生防功能，为开发盐碱地生防菌剂提供了候选资源。

关键词: 芽胞杆菌, 耐盐碱性, 生防活性, 植物根际

Abstract: To screen for microbial resources with both saline-alkaline tolerance and biocontrol potential, six Bacillus strains were isolated from the rhizosphere soil of halophytes in Xinjiang, China. Based on whole-genome sequencing(WGS) and taxonomic analyses, strains hST19, hST20, hST18, and hST16 were identified as Bacillus licheniformis, B. rugosus, B. swezeyi, and B. vallismortis, respectively. Notably, strains hST8 and hST9 exhibited distant phylogenetic relationships with known type strains, suggesting they are potential novel species. Environmental adaptability assays demonstrated that all isolates could grow under extreme conditions of 45℃, pH 10.0, and 10% NaCl. Specifically, strains hST8, hST9, hST16, hST18, and hST19 maintained normal growth even at pH 12.0, exhibiting significantly stronger saline-alkaline tolerance than several control biocontrol strains. Biocontrol efficacy evaluations revealed that strains hST8 and hST20 possessed antagonistic activity against phytopathogenic bacteria. Furthermore, strains hST20, hST9, hST16, and hST18 exhibited inhibitory effects against three fungal pathogens causing kiwifruit soft rot. Except for hST9, the volatile organic compounds(VOCs) produced by the isolates suppressed the growth of pathogenic fungi. In detached fruit assays, strains hST16 and hST18 effectively alleviated kiwifruit soft rot caused by Diaporthe actinidiae. In conclusion, the Bacillus strains isolated in this study possess both salt-alkali tolerance and multiple biocontrol traits, serving as promising candidate resources for the development of biocontrol agents in saline-alkaline agriculture.

Key words: Bacillus, salt-alkali tolerance, biocontrol activity, plant rhizosphere

中图分类号:

S476

徐富贵, 崔传斌, 王平平, 王冰鑫, 钱国良. 盐碱地来源抗逆芽胞杆菌的分离鉴定及生防活性研究[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2026, 42(3): 720-728.

XU Fugui, CUI Chuanbin, WANG Pingping, WANG Bingxin, QIAN Guoliang. Isolation, Identification, and Biocontrol Activity of Stress-Tolerant Bacillus Strains from Saline-Alkaline Soils[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2026, 42(3): 720-728.

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