鲜食玉米草地贪夜蛾绿色防控技术

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2023.01.021

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 草地贪夜蛾集中危害安徽省秋季鲜食玉米，对产量造成严重威胁，为探索一套适用于秋季鲜食玉米草地贪夜蛾绿色防控技术，分别于苗期、心叶期、吐丝期开展田间防治研究，评价防治效果、鲜穗产量及增产率，以达到减少化学用药、挽回产量，实现全程绿色防控的目标。结果表明，播前40%溴氰虫酰胺·噻虫嗪种子处理悬浮剂包衣玉米种子出苗率增加19.25%、苗后14 d防治效果可达74.48%；心叶初期、末期分别施用G033A颗粒剂、10%甲维·氯虫苯甲酰胺悬浮剂，药后21 d防治效果可达90.62%；吐丝期PS3可湿性粉剂与25%乙基多杀菌素水分散粒剂（减量20%）联合使用，药后21 d防治效果可达78.42%。全生育期相对于农户自防区减少化学用药4次，其中生物农药替代1次；平均穗粒重最高为253.82 g，籽粒增产率为5.69%；鲜穗产量最高为16243.70 kg/hm²，鲜穗增产率为4.86%。安徽省秋季鲜食玉米草地贪夜蛾绿色防控技术对玉米生长安全，综合防效显著，可有效减少化学农药用药，增加产量。

关键词: 鲜食玉米, 草地贪夜蛾, 绿色防控, 防治效果, 增产率

Abstract: Green control technology for management of Spodoptera frugiperda in the autumn fresh maize in Anhui province was explored through evaluation of the control efficiency,fresh ear yield,and yield increase rate in treatments at seedling,heart leaf and silking stages so as to reduce chemical use and recover yield loss.The results showed that the seedling emergence rate of seeds coated with 40% cyantraniliprole·thiamethoxam FS increased by 19.25%,and the control efficiency reached 74.48% at 14 d after seeding.When G033A microgranules were applied at the early whorl stage and 10% emamectin·chlorantraniliprole SC was applied at the late whorl stage,the control efficiency reached 90.62% at 21 d after treatment.The control efficiency of the combination of PS3 WP and 25% spinetoramWG (reduced by 20%) at the spinning stage reached 78.42% at 21 d after treatment.Compared with the farmers’ self-control fields,chemical use was reduced by 4 times in the whole season,one of which was replaced by biological pesticides.The highest average grain weight per spike was 253.82g,representing a yield gain of 5.69%.The highest yield of fresh ear was 16243.70kg/hm²,representing a yield increase of 4.86%.Therefore,the green control technology for the fall armyworm in fresh corn in autumn is effective and safe,and can effectively reduce chemical use and increase yield.

Key words: fresh corn, Spodoptera frugiperda, green control technology, control effect, yield increase rate

中图分类号:

S476

胡飞, 徐婷婷, 胡本进, 苏贤岩, 耿丽丽, 毕思佳, 吴振晨, 彭辉, 朱克旭, 徐丽娜. 鲜食玉米草地贪夜蛾绿色防控技术[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2024, 40(2): 257-265.

HU Fei, XU Tingting, HU Benjin, SU Xianyan, GENG Lili, BI Sijia, WU Zhenchen, PENG Hui, ZHU Kexu, XU Lina. Green Control Technology for Management of Spodoptera frugiperda on Fresh Corn[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2024, 40(2): 257-265.

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