生防菌配施有机肥对梨火疫病防治效果及土壤微生物多样性的影响

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2026.02.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 梨火疫病菌可在果园土壤中存活、传播，并从梨树根部侵染。本文通过将梨火疫病生防菌贝莱斯芽孢杆菌JS6-1，分别与氨基酸有机肥、腐植酸有机肥、牛羊粪秸秆混合发酵有机肥进行配施，测定盆栽试验防效及对土壤酶活性和微生物多样性的影响。结果表明，贝莱斯芽孢杆菌JS6-1与牛羊粪秸秆混合发酵有机肥配施对梨火疫病防效最佳，达到73.33%，显著优于与其他肥料配施；并显著提高了土壤碱性磷酸酶、脲酶、蔗糖酶活性，改变土壤细菌群落结构。综上，菌株JS6-1与牛羊粪秸秆混合发酵有机肥配施可有效抑制梨火疫病菌的根际传播，为梨火疫病的绿色防控提供了可行的菌-肥协同调控策略。

关键词: 梨火疫病, 贝莱斯芽孢杆菌, 有机肥, 土壤微生物多样性

Abstract: Erwinia amylovora can survive and spread in orchard soil, and infect pear trees through the root system. In this study, the biocontrol strain Bacillus velezensis JS6-1 was applied in combination with amino acid organic fertilizer, humic acid fertilizer, and cattle-sheep manure-straw mixed fermented organic fertilizer, respectively, to determine the control efficacy in pot experiments, as well as the effects on soil enzyme activities and microbial diversity. The results showed that the combined application of Bacillus velezensis JS6-1 and cattle-sheep manure-straw mixed fermented organic fertilizer achieved the best control efficacy against pear fire blight, reaching 73.33%, which was significantly better than that of the other fertilizer combinations. Meanwhile, this combined application significantly increased the activities of soil alkaline phosphatase, urease and invertase, and altered the structure of soil bacterial community. In conclusion, the combined application of strain JS6-1 and cattle-sheep manure-straw mixed fermented organic fertilizer can effectively inhibit the rhizosphere transmission of Erwinia amylovora, providing a feasible synergistic regulation strategy of bacteria-fertilizer for the green prevention and control of pear fire blight.

Key words: fire blight, Bacillus velezensis, biocontrol-organic fertilizer, soil microbial diversity

中图分类号:

S476

吴梓菲, 王兴雯, 林胜楠, 王志慧, 王宁, 何天明, 史应武, 詹发强, 杨蓉, 包慧芳. 生防菌配施有机肥对梨火疫病防治效果及土壤微生物多样性的影响[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2026, 42(1): 72-81.

WU Zifei, WANG Xingwen, LIN Shengnan, WANG Zhihui, WANG Ning, HE Tianming, SHI Yingwu, ZHAN Faqiang, YANG Rong, BAO Huifang. Effect of Bio-control Bacterial Combined with Organic Fertilizer on Pear Fire Blight and Its Influences on Soil Microbial Diversity[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2026, 42(1): 72-81.

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