我国苏云金芽胞杆菌研究应用发展历程与展望

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2026.05.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 苏云金芽胞杆菌（Bacillus thuringiensis，Bt）作为农业生物防治的核心微生物资源，是我国生物防治学科发展的重要缩影。本文系统回顾我国Bt研究与应用经技术追赶到自主创新，进而跻身国际前列的发展历程，系统阐述我国在Bt杀虫基因挖掘、杀虫机理解析、杀虫剂创制及转基因抗虫作物应用等领域的核心成果，同时剖析当前Bt研究面临的害虫抗性升级、制剂田间稳定性不足以及资源利用方式单一等挑战，进一步结合人工智能、合成生物学等前沿技术，从新型杀虫蛋白定向设计、制剂产业化升级、抗性监测治理、跨领域应用扩展等方面展望未来研究方向，为我国农业绿色防控体系完善和粮食安全保障提供理论支撑与实践参考。

关键词: 生物防治, 苏云金芽胞杆菌, 发展历程, 展望

Abstract: As a core microbial resource for agricultural biological control, Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) represents an important epitome of the development of biological control discipline in China. This paper systematically reviews the development history of Bt research and application in China, from technological catching-up to independent innovation, and then to the forefront of the international community. It systematically elaborates the core achievements of China in the fields of Bt insecticidal gene mining, insecticidal mechanism analysis, insecticide development, and application of transgenic insect-resistant crops. Meanwhile, it analyzes the current challenges faced by Bt research, such as escalating pest resistance, insufficient field stability of formulations, and single resource utilization mode. Furthermore, combined with cutting-edge technologies including artificial intelligence and synthetic biology, this paper prospects the future research directions from the aspects of targeted design of novel insecticidal proteins, industrial upgrading of formulations, resistance monitoring and management, and expansion of cross-field applications, so as to provide theoretical support and practical reference for the improvement of agricultural green prevention and control system and the guarantee of food security in China.

Key words: biological control, Bacillus thuringiensis, development history, prospects

中图分类号:

S476.1

束长龙, 彭东海, 曹蓓蓓, 谢家健, 张杰. 我国苏云金芽胞杆菌研究应用发展历程与展望[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2026, 42(2): 278-291.

SHU Changlong, PENG Donghai Peng, CAO Beibei, XIE Jiajian, ZHANG Jie. Research and Application Development History and Prospects of Bacillus thuringiensis in China[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2026, 42(2): 278-291.

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