木霉菌和褪黑素配施对黄瓜生理及根腐病的防治效果研究

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2026.02.055

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为明确木霉菌与褪黑素配施对黄瓜幼苗生长、生理生化特性及根腐病发生的影响，本研究设置不同处理组，系统检测幼苗形态指标、叶片保护性酶活性及根腐病防治效果。结果表明：木霉菌和褪黑素配施可显著促进黄瓜幼苗生长，提高叶片保护性酶活性，改善幼苗生理生化特性，进而提高对根腐病的防治效果，其中以1.0×10⁶ cfu/g棘孢木霉和100 μmol/L褪黑素配施处理效果最优。黄瓜播种后30 d，该处理的各项指标均达到最佳水平：幼苗株高和茎粗分别达到16.39 cm和5.00 mm；叶片过氧化氢酶（Catalase，CAT）、过氧化物酶（Peroxidase，POD）、超氧化物歧化酶（Superoxide dismutase，SOD）、苯丙氨酸解氨酶（Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase，PAL）活性分别达到128.50、164.39、312.96和76.97 U/g；叶片叶绿素含量、根系活力、叶片可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量分别达到4.93 mg/g、113.56 μg/（g·h）、21.31 mg/g和47.27 μg/g；上述各项指标比对照处理（即棘孢木霉和褪黑素均为0的处理）总体提高了64.68～122.07%。并且病原菌浓度为1×10⁶孢子/mL、棘孢木霉浓度为1.0×10⁶ cfu/g和褪黑素浓度为100 μmol/L配施处理对黄瓜根腐病的盆栽防治效果最高，达到82.72%。本研究初步解析了木霉菌与褪黑素配施调控黄瓜幼苗抗根腐病的生理机制，为黄瓜根腐病的绿色防控提供了理论依据与实践支撑。

关键词: 木霉, 褪黑素, 黄瓜, 根腐病, 生理生化特性

Abstract: To clarify the effects of the combined application of Trichoderma asperellum and melatonin on the growth, physiological and biochemical characteristics, and root rot occurrence of cucumber seedlings, different treatments were set up in this study to systematically detect the morphological indicators of seedlings, the activity of protective enzymes in leaves, and the control effects against root rot. The results showed that the combined application of T. asperellum and melatonin could significantly promote the growth of cucumber seedlings, enhance the activity of protective enzymes in leaves, improve the physiological and biochemical characteristics of seedlings, and thereby enhance the control effect on root rot. Among them, the combined application of 1.0×10⁶ cfu/g T. asperellum and 100 μmol/L melatonin had the best effect. Thirty days after the sowing of cucumbers, all the indicators of this treatment reached the optimal level: the plant height and stem diameter of the seedlings reached 16.39 cm and 5.00 mm, respectively; the activities of leaf catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) reached 128.50 U/g, 164.39 U/g, 312.96 U/g and 76.97 U/g, respectively; The contents of chlorophyll in leaves, root activity, soluble sugar and soluble protein in leaves reached 4.93 mg/g, 113.56 μg/ (g·h), 21.31 mg/g and 47.27 μg/g, respectively. The above-mentioned indicators were generally increased by 64.68%—122.07% compared with the control treatment (i.e., the treatment where both T. asperellum and melatonin was 0). Moreover, the combined application of the pathogen at 1×10⁶ cells /mL, T. asperellum at 1.0×10⁶ cfu/g and melatonin at 100 μmol/L achieved the highest control efficacy against cucumber root rot in pot experiment, reaching 82.72%. This study preliminarily analyzed the physiological mechanism by which the combined application of T. asperellum and melatonin regulates the resistance of cucumber seedlings to root rot, providing a theoretical basis and practical support for the green control of cucumber root rot.

Key words: Trichoderma, melatonin, cucumber, root rot, physiological and biochemical characteristics

中图分类号:

王佳彤, 马光恕, 李梅, 朱广亮, 刘明鑫, 陈青奇, 廉华. 木霉菌和褪黑素配施对黄瓜生理及根腐病的防治效果研究[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2026, 42(5): 1254-1263.

WANG Jiatong, MA Guangshu, LI Mei, ZHU Guangliang, LIU Mingxin, CHEN Qingqi, LIAN Hua. Effects of Trichoderma Combined with Melatonin on Cucumber Physiology and Root Rot Control[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2026, 42(5): 1254-1263.

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