生防菌株LC36的筛选鉴定、发酵条件优化及对党参根腐病的防效

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2026.02.036

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为发掘党参根腐病的生防资源，利用稀释涂布法和平板对峙法从潞党参根际土壤中筛选出具有拮抗活性的生防菌株，通过形态学观察，生理生化测定和多基因系统发育分析，鉴定菌株LC36为多粘类芽孢杆菌Paenibacillus polymyxa。通过刚果红显色法、透明圈法和Salkowskis比色法，测定其分泌纤维素酶、蛋白酶、几丁质酶和吲哚-3-乙酸（IAA）的能力。菌株LC36能分泌纤维素酶、蛋白酶和IAA，不分泌几丁质酶。通过3,5二硝基水杨酸（DNS）法测定纤维素酶的酶活为11.38 U/mL，通过福林酚法测定蛋白酶的酶活为15.86 U/mL，通过Salkowskis比色法测定IAA分泌量为18.65 mg/L。在单因素试验的基础上，利用Plackett-Burman试验和最陡爬坡试验进行发酵条件优化，最优发酵条件为蔗糖20 g/L、蛋白胨20 g/L、氯化钠1.5 g/L、甘油10 mL/L、磷酸氢二钾1.5 g/L、pH 7、接种量7%、装液量100 mL、温度32℃和转速167 r/min。菌株LC36处理7 d后，党参根腐病的发病率和病斑直径显著低于对照组，防效为57.63%。综上所述，菌株LC36对根腐病具有很好的生防潜力，是一株具有开发利用价值的生防菌株。

关键词: 党参根腐病, 生防菌, 筛选鉴定, 发酵条件, 防效

Abstract: To explore the excellent biocontrol resources for Codonopsis pilosula root rot, a biocontrol strain LC36 with antagonistic activity was screened from Codonopsis pilosula rhizosphere soil using dilution coating method and plate confrontation method. Strain LC36 was identified as Paenibacillus polymyxa based on morphological characteristics, physiological and biochemical features and multi-gene phylogenetic analysis. The abilities of strain LC36 to secrete cellulase, protease, chitinase and IAA were determined by Congo red chromogenic method, transparent circle method and Salkowskis colorimetric method. The results showed that strain LC36 could secrete cellulase, protease and IAA, but couldn't secrete chitinase. The cellulase activity, protease activity and IAA content were quantitatively determined using DNS method, Folin phenol method and Salkowskis colorimetric method, respectively. The cellulase activity, protease activity and IAA content were 11.38 U/mL, 15.86 U/mL and 18.65 mg/L, respectively. Based on single factor experiment, the fermentation conditions were further optimized by Plackett-Burman experiment and steepest ascent experiment. Three important fermentation factors (pH, temperature and rotation speed) were screened out. The optimal fermentation conditions were as follows: sucrose 20 g/L, peptone 20 g/L, sodium chloride 1.5 g/L, glycerol 10 mL/L, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 1.5 g/L, pH 7, inoculum 7%, liquid volume 100 mL, temperature 32 ℃, and rotation speed 167 r/min. After treatment with fermentation broth of strain LC36, the disease incidence and lesion diameter were significantly lower than those of the control group. The control effect of strain LC36 on C. pilosula root rot reached to 57.63%. In summary, strain LC36 has good biocontrol potential to C. pilosula root rot, and could be considered as an excellent biocontrol strain with high development and utilization value.

Key words: Codonopsis pilosula root rot, biocontrol bacteria, screening and identification, fermentation conditions, control effect

中图分类号:

S476

何玉娇, 苏雅馨, 高昕冉, 姚元昌, 陈宇腾, 任韵臻, 王春伟, 王燕. 生防菌株LC36的筛选鉴定、发酵条件优化及对党参根腐病的防效[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2026, 42(3): 777-788.

HE Yujiao, SU Yaxin, GAO Xinran, YAO Yuanchang, CHEN Yuteng, REN Yunzhen, WANG Chunwei, WANG Yan. Screening and Identification, Fermentation Condition Optimization of Biocontrol Strain LC36, and Its Control Efficacy on Codonopsis pilosula Root Rot[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2026, 42(3): 777-788.

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