木霉菌与杀菌剂联合对玉米鞘腐病的协同防治作用

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2025.02.075

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 玉米鞘腐病是近年来山西省玉米产区普遍发生的一种重要病害，对玉米安全生产构成严重威胁。为探索该病害的绿色防控策略，本研究采用含药培养基对峙培养法，系统评价了3株木霉菌与6种杀菌剂对拟轮枝镰孢菌的联合抑菌作用，并通过田间试验验证其协同防治效果。结果表明：深绿木霉CK1A、长枝木霉YP7和YP8与所有供试杀菌剂均表现出良好的相容性；长枝木霉YP7与吡唑醚菌酯（1 μg/mL）联合处理的抑菌效果达92.77%，协同系数为1.62，田间防效达76.27%；长枝木霉YP7与多菌灵（0.01 μg/mL）联合处理的抑菌效果为92.18%，协同系数为1.61，田间防效为73.48%。这两种菌药联合处理的防治效果均显著优于相应单一杀菌剂处理，表明其具有显著的协同增效作用。本研究为玉米鞘腐病的治理提供了菌药联合的新途径。

关键词: 玉米鞘腐病, 长枝木霉, 杀菌剂, 菌药联合, 协同作用

Abstract: Maize sheath rot has become a prevalent and economically significant disease in the maize-producing regions of Shanxi Province, posing a serious threat to maize production security. This study aimed to explore a sustainable control strategy by systematically evaluating the synergistic effect of combining Trichoderma strains with fungicides against maize sheath rot. The synergistic interactions between three Trichoderma strains and six fungicides against Fusarium verticillioides were assessed in vitro using a dual-culture assay on fungicide-amended media. The most promising combinations were further validated under field conditions. The results showed that T. atroviride CK1A, T. longibrachiatum YP7 and T. longibrachiatum YP8 exhibited good compatibility with all tested fungicides. Notably, the combination of T. longibrachiatum YP7 with pyraclostrobin (1 μg/mL) exhibited an inhibition rate of 92.77% against F. verticillioides, a synergy coefficient of 1.62, and a field control efficacy of 76.27%. Similarly, the combination of strain YP7 with carbendazim (0.01 μg/mL) resulted in an inhibition rate of 92.18%, a synergy coefficient of 1.61, and a field efficacy of 73.48%. The control efficacy of both combinations was significantly superior to that of the individual fungicide treatments, indicating a marked synergistic effect. This study provides a novel and practical integrated approach for the green management of maize sheath rot by combination of biocontrol agents and fungicides.

Key words: maize sheath rot, Trichoderma longibrachiatum, fungicides, combination of biocontrol agents and fungicides, synergistic effect

中图分类号:

S476

姚艳平, 姚佳欢, 武琳凯, 周楠楠, 许蓉, 王美琴. 木霉菌与杀菌剂联合对玉米鞘腐病的协同防治作用[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2026, 42(1): 23-34.

YAO Yanping, YAO Jiahuan, WU Linkai, ZHOU Nannan, XU Rong, WANG Meiqing. Synergistic Control Effect of Trichoderma and Fungicides on Corn Sheath Rot[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2026, 42(1): 23-34.

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