江苏草地贪夜蛾天敌资源调查及其在玉米田控害作用评价

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2021.03.021

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 江苏省是我国草地贪夜蛾入侵地之一，为明确本地潜在自然天敌资源及其在玉米田的控害作用，2020年8—9月，对江苏省8个市县主要玉米种植区的草地贪夜蛾为害及其天敌资源开展了实地调查和室内饲养观察。结果表明，草地贪夜蛾对各调查点玉米植株的为害率均在50%以上。天敌种类主要有寄生蜂（棉铃虫齿唇姬蜂；姬蜂科1种；小腹茧蜂亚科1种）、病原真菌（白僵菌、绿僵菌、莱氏野村菌）、瓢虫（异色瓢虫、黑襟毛瓢虫），另外还有寄生蝇、细菌、病毒等多种类群。寄生性天敌的寄生率在0%~24.55%，病原微生物的感染率在2.33%~56.41%，表现出良好的防控潜能。江苏玉米田草地贪夜蛾虽然发生为害严重，但也拥有丰富的自然天敌类群，能为利用本地天敌防控草地贪夜蛾提供可靠资源。

关键词: 草地贪夜蛾, 天敌, 寄生蜂, 昆虫病原微生物, 生物防治

Abstract: Jiangsu Province is one of the invasion areas of Spodoptera frugiperda in China. The local potential natural enemies of S. frugiperda in Jiangsu Province and their control of S. frugiperda in maize fields were investigated during August to September 2020 in the main corn planting areas of 8 cities or counties in Jiangsu Province. The results showed that the infestation rate of S. frugiperda to maize plants was more than 50% in all the survey sites. The main species of natural enemies were parasitic wasps (Campoletis chloride; Microgatrinae; Braconidae), entomopathogenic fungi (Beauveria, Metarhizium, Nomuraea rileyi), and ladybugs (Harmonia axyridis; Scymnus (Neopullus) hoffmanni Weise), and many other species of natural enemies such as parasitic flies, bacteria, and viruses. The parasitism rate of parasitic natural enemy insects was between 0% and 24.55%, and the infection rate of entomopathogenic microorganisms was between 2.33% and 56.41%, which shows high potential for preventing and controlling S. frugiperda. Although the occurrence of S. frugiperda in corn fields in Jiangsu Province is serious, the rich resources of natural enemies can provide reliable prevention and control of S. frugiperda.

Key words: Spodoptera frugiperda, natural enemy, parasitic wasp, entomopathogenic microorganisms, biological control

中图分类号:

S476

牛洪涛, 胡慧, 张志春, 赵冬晓, 赵静, 王娜, 郭慧芳. 江苏草地贪夜蛾天敌资源调查及其在玉米田控害作用评价[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2021, 37(6): 1152-1159.

NIU Hongtao, HU Hui, ZHANG Zhichun, ZHAO Dongxiao, ZHAO Jing, WANG Na, GUO Huifang. Investigation of the Natural Enemies of Spodoptera frugiperda and Evaluation of Their Control Effect in Maize Fields in Jiangsu Province[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2021, 37(6): 1152-1159.

参考文献

[1] 王磊,陈科伟,钟国华,等.重大入侵害虫草地贪夜蛾发生危害、防控研究进展及防控策略探讨[J].环境昆虫学报, 2019, 41(3):479-487.
[2] 陆永跃,黄德超,章玉苹.草地贪夜蛾监测与防治技术手册[M].广州:华南理工大学, 2020.
[3] Goergen G, Kumar P L, Sankung S B, et al. First report of outbreaks of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith)(Lepidoptera, Noctuidae), a new alien invasive pest in west and central Africa[J]. PLoS ONE, 2016, 11(10):e0165632.
[4] Jing D P, Guo J F, Jiang Y Y, et al. Initial detections and spread of invasive Spodoptera frugiperda in China and comparisons with other noctuid larvae in corn fields using molecular techniques[J]. Insect Science, 2020, 27(4):780-790.
[5] 姜玉英,刘杰,谢茂昌,等. 2019年我国草地贪夜蛾扩散为害规律观测[J].植物保护, 2019, 45(6):10-19.
[6] 李艳朋,李猛,刘鸿恒,等.草地贪夜蛾在江苏北部早播麦田的发生与防治[J].植物保护, 2020, 46(2):218-221.
[7] Farias J R, Andow D A, Horikoshi R J. Field-evolved resistance to Cry1F maize by Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae) in Brazi[J]. Crop Protection, 2014, 64:150-158.
[8] Gutiérrez-Moreno R, Mota-Sanchez D, Blanco C A, et al. Field-evolved resistance of the fall armyworm (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae) to synthetic insecticides in Puerto Rico and Mexico[J]. Journal of Economic Entomology, 2019, 112(2):792-802.
[9] Storer N P, Thompson G D, Headg P. Application of pyramided traits against Lepidoptera in insect resistance management for Bt crops[J]. GM Crops and Food, 2012, 3(3):154-162.
[10] Firake D M, Behere G T. Natural mortality of invasive fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith)(Lepidoptera:Noctuidae) in maize agroecosystems of northeast India[J]. Biological Control, 2020, 148:104303.
[11] Souza M L, Sanches M M, de Souza D A, et al. Within-host interactions of Metarhizium rileyi strains and nucleopolyhedroviruses in Spodoptera frugiperda and Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae)[J]. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 2019, 162:10-18.
[12] 陈万斌,李玉艳,王孟卿,等.草地贪夜蛾的天敌昆虫资源、应用现状及存在的问题与建议[J].中国生物防治学报, 2019, 35(5):658-673.
[13] 唐璞,王知知,吴琼,等.草地贪夜蛾的天敌资源及其生物防治中的应用[J].应用昆虫学报, 2019, 56(3):370-381.
[14] 杨磊,李芬,吴少英.草地贪夜蛾寄生蜂资源及其调控寄主免疫反应的研究[J].中国生物防治学报, 2020, 36(4):496-506.
[15] 梁沛,谷少华,张雷,等.我国草地贪夜蛾的生物学、生态学和防治研究概况与展望[J].昆虫学报, 2020, 63(5):624-638.
[16] Li H, Jiang S S, Zhang H W, et al. Two-way predation between immature stages of the hoverfly Eupeodes corollae and the invasive fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith)[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2020, doi:10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63291-9.
[17] 吴正伟,刘始迎,郑碧瑜,等.一株分离自红树林的沙雷氏菌的鉴定及杀虫活性测定[J].广东海洋大学学报, 2021, 41(1):1-6.
[18] 廖永林,李传瑛,黄少华,等.草地贪夜蛾首次入侵广东地区发生为害调查[J].环境昆虫学报, 2019, 41(3):497-502.
[19] Kenis M, Du Plessis H, Van den Berg J, et al. Telenomus remus, a candidate parasitoid for the biological control of Spodoptera frugiperda in Africa, is already present on the continent[J]. Insects, 2019, 10(4):92.
[20] Liao Y L, Yang B, Xu M F, et al. First report of Telenomus remus parasitizing Spodoptera frugiperda and its field parasitism in southern China[J]. Journal of Hymenoptera Research, 2019, 73:95.
[21] 程东美,洪婉雯,孙辉,等.草地贪夜蛾幼虫僵虫发生率调查及致病菌分离鉴定[J].环境昆虫学报, http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/44.1640.Q.20190717.1722.002.html.
[22] Russo M L, Jaber L R, Scorsetti A C, et al. Effect of entomopathogenic fungi introduced as corn endophytes on the development, reproduction, and food preference of the invasive fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda[J]. Journal of Pest Science, 2020, doi.org/10.1007/s10340-020-01302-x.
[23] Pigeyre L, Schatz M, Ravallec M, et al. Interaction of a densovirus with glycans of the peritrophic matrix mediates oral infection of the Lepidopteran pest Spodoptera frugiperda[J]. Viruses, 2019, 11(9):870.
[24] Guo J F, Wu S Y, Zhang F, et al. Prospects for microbial control of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda:a review[J]. BioControl, 2020, doi:10.1007/s10526-020-10031-0.
[25] 孔琳,李玉艳,王孟卿,等.多异瓢虫和异色瓢虫对草地贪夜蛾低龄幼虫的捕食能力评价[J].中国生物防治学报, 2019, 35(5):709-714.
[26] 赵英杰,郑亚强,符成悦,等.异色瓢虫对草地贪夜蛾2龄幼虫的捕食功能反应[J].植物保护, 2019, 45(5):75-78.