凹翅宽颚步甲对美国白蛾幼虫的捕食作用

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2025.09.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 凹翅宽颚步甲Parena cavipennis幼虫和成虫均可捕食美国白蛾Hyphantria cunea幼虫。为探究凹翅宽颚步甲对美国白蛾幼虫的捕食作用，在实验室条件下研究了该捕食性天敌3龄幼虫对美国白蛾3～5龄幼虫的捕食量，以及该天敌成虫对美国白蛾3～5龄幼虫的捕食功能反应和搜寻效应。结果表明： 1）凹翅宽颚步甲3龄幼虫日平均捕食数量随着美国白蛾幼虫龄期增加而减少，日平均捕食重量随着美国白蛾幼虫龄期增加而增大；对美国白蛾3、4和5龄幼虫的日平均捕食数量分别为2.78头、1.33头和1.11头，日平均捕食重量分别为0.21 g、0.26 g和0.56 g。2）凹翅宽颚步甲成虫对美国白蛾3～5龄幼虫的捕食功能反应均符合Holling Ⅱ模型，对美国白蛾3～5龄幼虫的瞬时攻击率分别为1.4638、0.5879和1.0283，处理时间分别为0.1572 d、0.1894 d和0.4443 d，日最大捕食量分别为6.3594头、5.2800头和2.2508头。随着单位空间内美国白蛾幼虫密度的增大，凹翅宽颚步甲成虫对美国白蛾3～5龄幼虫的搜寻效应随之下降。凹翅宽颚步甲对美国白蛾幼虫有良好的控害潜力，由于研究处在初级阶段，后续将继续探究不同条件下凹翅宽颚步甲对美国白蛾幼虫的捕食作用，为美国白蛾防控提供新途径和新方法。

关键词: 凹翅宽颚步甲, 美国白蛾, 捕食性天敌, 捕食作用, Holling Ⅱ型圆盘方程

Abstract: Both larvae and adults of Parena cavipennis can predate on the larvae of the fall webworm (Hyphantria cunea). Predation of the fall webworm larvae by P. cavipennis was investigated through measuring the predation amount of 3^rd instar P. cavipennis larvae on the 3^rd, 4^th, and 5^th instar fall webworm larvae, as well as the functional response and searching efficiency of P. cavipennis adult to these larvae under laboratory conditions. The results showed that: 1) The daily predation quantity of the 3^rd instar P. cavipennis larvae decreased with the development of fall webworm larvae. The daily predation weight increased progressively across larval instars of the fall webworm. Specifically, the daily predation quantity was 2.78, 1.33, and 1.11 on the 3^rd, 4^th, and the 5^th instar fall webworm larvae, respectively, and the daily predation weight was 0.21 g, 0.26 g, and 0.56 g, respectively. 2) The functional response of P. cavipennis adult to the 3^rd, 4^th, and 5^th instar fall webworm larvae followed the Holling II model. The instantaneous attack rates were 1.4638, 0.5879, and 1.0283, respectively, and the handling time was 0.1572 d, 0.1894 d, and 0.4443 d, respectively. The maximum daily predation quantity was 6.3594, 5.2800, and 2.2508, respectively. As density of the fall webworm larvae per unit space increased, the searching efficiency of P. cavipennis adult for the 3^rd, 4^th, and 5^th instar larvae decreased. These findings suggest that P. cavipennis has potential for controlling fall webworm larvae. Further studies are needed to explore the predatory efficiency of P. cavipennis under different conditions, providing new approaches and methods for the management of fall webworm.

Key words: Parena cavipennis, Hyphantria cunea, predatory natural enemies, predatory effect, Holling II functional response model

中图分类号:

S476.2

李翰扬, 党英侨, 韩孟娇, 王小艺, 张彦龙. 凹翅宽颚步甲对美国白蛾幼虫的捕食作用[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2026, 42(1): 164-171.

LI Hanyang, DANG Yingqiao, HAN Mengjiao, WANG Xiaoyi, ZHANG Yanlong. Predation of the Larvae of Fall Webworm by Parena cavipennis[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2026, 42(1): 164-171.

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