大草蛉与捕食螨对草莓二斑叶螨的田间捕食效果

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2026.09.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用天敌防治害虫是现代生态防控策略中重要的技术手段，为进一步比较大棚种植下大草蛉与捕食螨对草莓二斑叶螨的防治效果，明确其对二斑叶螨的防效差异。本研究通过田间调查明确了大草蛉、捕食螨作用下草莓二斑叶螨的种群数量消长动态，评估了不同释放密度下大草蛉卵、1龄幼虫和2龄幼虫对草莓二斑叶螨的防治效果，同时，将其与不同释放密度下捕食螨（智利小植绥螨、胡瓜钝绥螨、加州新小绥螨和巴氏新小绥螨）的田间捕食效果进行了对比。结果显示，释放大草蛉卵的各处理组（5粒/株、10粒/株、15粒/株）中二斑叶螨的数量均出现下降。释放大草蛉1龄幼虫（5头/株、10头/株、15头/株） 3个处理中二斑叶螨的数量均随着释放时间的增加呈非正相关。释放大草蛉2龄幼虫（1头/株、2头/株、3头/株） 3个处理中二斑叶螨随着释放时间的增加数量保持在稳定水平。释放不同种类、不同密度捕食螨对二斑叶螨均有不同程度的控制作用，释放4 d所有处理组中二斑叶螨的数量均出现下降，释放第16 d均取得了一定的防控效果。在所有处理中，大草蛉1龄幼虫对二斑叶螨的控制效果最好；大草蛉2龄幼虫1头/株16 d防效最低，显著低于大草蛉2龄幼虫（15头/株、20头/株）、大草蛉卵（15粒/株）、智利小植绥螨（20头/株、60头/株）。本研究为大草蛉与捕食螨在田间生物防治中的优化应用提供了科学依据。

关键词: 大草蛉, 捕食螨, 二斑叶螨, 草莓, 防治效果

Abstract: Natural enemies are important in modern ecological control strategies. To compare the control effects of Chrysoperla pallens and predatory mites on Tetranychus urticae in greenhouse cultivation and clarify the differences in their efficiency, this study investigated the population dynamics of T. urticae under the influence of C. pallens and predatory mites in the field. The control effects of different release densities of C. pallens eggs, first instar larvae, and second instar larvae on T. urticae were evaluated. Additionally, the field predation effects of different release densities of predatory mites (Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot, Amblyseius cucumeris Oudemans, Neoseiulus californicus McGregor, and N. barkeri Hughes) were compared. The results showed that the number of T. urticae decreased in all treatment groups with the release of 5, 10, or 15 C. pallens eggs/plant. In the three treatments with the release of 5, 10, or 15 the first instar larvae of C. pallens per plant, the number of T. urticae showed a non-positive correlation with the time post release. In the three treatments of releasing 1, 2, or 3 the 2^nd instar larvae of C. pallens per plant, the number of T. urticae remained at a stable level with the time post release. The release of different species and densities of predatory mites had varying degrees of control of T. urticae. The number of T. urticae decreased in all treatment groups at 4 days post release, and a certain control was achieved on the 16^th day post release. Among all treatments, the 1st instar larvae of C. pallens had the best control of T. urticae. The control was the lowest on the 16^th day post release of one the 2^nd instar C. pallens larva per plant, significantly lower than the control achieved by release of the 2^nd instar larvae of C. pallens at 15 and 20 larvae/plant, eggs of C. pallens at 15 eggs/plant, and P. persimilis at 20 and 60 adults/plant. This study provides a scientific basis for the optimal application of C. pallens and predatory mites in field biological control of T. urticae.

Key words: Chrysopa pallens, predatory mites, Tetranychus urticae, Fragaria×ananassa(Weston) Duchesne ex Rozier, control effects

中图分类号:

S476.2

蒋立奔, 须秋静, 曹荣祥, 娄天成, 郭成宝, 田厚军. 大草蛉与捕食螨对草莓二斑叶螨的田间捕食效果[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2026, 42(5): 1300-1308.

JIANG Liben, XU Qiujing, CAO Rongxiang, LOU Tiancheng, GUO Chengbao, TIAN Houjun. Field Predation Effects of Chrysopa pallens Koch and Predatory Mites on Two-spotted Spider Mite in Strawberry[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2026, 42(5): 1300-1308.

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