加纳木霉HLST30对根结线虫的生防作用研究

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2026.02.035

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 海南省作为我国热带农业的重要基地，其温暖湿润的气候及较高的复种指数为根结线虫的生长与繁殖提供了有利的生态条件。化学杀线剂的频繁使用导致环境污染及土壤质量下降，因此挖掘高效、环境友好的生防资源迫在眉睫。实验室前期从海南哈密瓜的根围土壤中分离获得一株木霉HLST30。本研究测定其对南方根结线虫和拟禾本科根结线虫的生物活性，发酵液处理72 h对两种根结线虫的校正死亡率分别为59.25%和66.06%；处理12 d对根结线虫卵孵化的抑制率分别为47.33%和52.59%；处理9 d对卵的寄生率分别为64.18%和56.61%。通过扫描电子显微镜观察到菌株HLST30对拟禾本科根结线虫卵的重寄生状态。进一步通过盆栽试验测定其对哈密瓜根结线虫病和水稻根结线虫病的防效，根结抑制率分别为42.59%和55.43%，菌株处理对哈密瓜和水稻的生长均无明显影响。通过形态学和分子生物学鉴定菌株HLST30为加纳木霉Trichoderma ghanense。本研究可为根结线虫绿色防控提供新型生防资源。

关键词: 南方根结线虫, 拟禾本科根结线虫, 加纳木霉, 寄生

Abstract: Hainan Province is a significant tropical agricultural region in China. The warm and humid climate, combined with a high multiple cropping index, creates suitable ecological conditions for the proliferation of root-knot nematodes(RKNs). Owing to the environmental pollution and soil degradation, it is urgent to develop efficient, eco-friendly alternatives to chemical control. A Trichoderma strain named HLST30 was previously isolated from the rhizosphere soil of Hami melons in Hainan. Biocontrol efficacy of strain HLST30 against RKNs was evaluated in vitro. Upon treatment with strain HLST30 fermentation filtrate, the corrected mortality rates of second-stage juveniles of Meloidogyne incognita and M. graminicola reached 59.25% and 66.06%, respectively, at 72 h post treatment. The egg inhibition rates against the two RKNS were 47.33% and 52.59%, respectively, after incubation for 12 days. Meanwhile, after nine days of treatment, the parasitic efficacy of strain HLST30 against the two RKN species reached 64.18% and 56.61%. Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the parasitic phenomenon of strain HLST30 towards M. graminicola eggs. Furthermore, the number of root galls on Hami melon and rice decreased by 42.59% and 55.43%, accordingly, in pot experiments. No significant effect was observed on the growth of Hami melon and rice after the treatment of strain HLST30. Combining morphological characteristics with molecular phylogenetic analyses, strain HLST30 was identified as T. ghanense. This study will provide a novel biological resource for the biological control of RKNs.

Key words: Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne graminicola, Trichoderma ghanense, parasitism

中图分类号:

S432.1

许环茹, 赵晶, 陆鎣, 刘铜. 加纳木霉HLST30对根结线虫的生防作用研究[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2026, 42(3): 729-737.

XU Huanru, ZHAO Jing, LU Ying, LIU Tong. Biocontrol Effect of Trichoderma ghanense HLST30 on Root-knot Nematodes[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2026, 42(3): 729-737.

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