Control Effect of Trichoderma harzianum Combined with Organic Fertilizer and Biochar on Watermelon Fusarium Wilt

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2026.02.009

Abstract

Abstract: To clarify the effects of combined application of biochar and organic fertilizer on the control efficiency of biocontrol Trichoderma harzianum M3 against watermelon Fusarium wilt, indoor static tank experiments and in vitro plate assays were conducted to investigate the impacts of biochar on the biological characteristics of T. harzianum M3. Pot experiments were performed to evaluate the effects of biochar-organic fertilizer combinations on the disease control efficiency of strain M3, watermelon seedling growth, and soil physicochemical properties. The results showed that in the static tank assays, the population of strain M3 reached the maximum when biochar was added at a mass fraction of 3% in both sterilized and natural soils. However, the addition of biochar to the PDA medium had no significant effect on the growth rate of strain M3. Pot experiment results indicated that when the combined application of organic fertilizer and biochar was based on a total organic carbon (TOC) content of 19.37 g/kg, the plant growth and disease control efficacy of strain M3 exhibited a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the rise in the proportion of biochar. Specifically, under the treatment of combined application of biochar and organic fertilizer at a TOC ratio of 1:2 coupled with inoculation of strain M3, the watermelon presented a disease index of 3.33 and a control efficacy of 80.41%. In conclusion, the combined application of biochar and organic fertilizer at an appropriate ratio can significantly enhance the control effect of T. harzianum against watermelon Fusarium wilt. The results of this study provide a reference for promoting the stable field control efficiency of biocontrol fungi using biochar and organic fertilizer.

Key words: biochar, organic fertilizer, Trichoderma harzianum, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum

CLC Number:

S476

ZHANG Yu, GU Xin, LIU Wenhui, BAI Yan, LI Siqi. Control Effect of Trichoderma harzianum Combined with Organic Fertilizer and Biochar on Watermelon Fusarium Wilt[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2026, 42(1): 82-95.

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