短密木霉新菌株BF06对黄瓜土传病害的防治效果与促生作用

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2018.03.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 连作导致枯萎病等土传病害发生日益严重，已成为我国黄瓜生产的重要限制因素。采用化学防治和农业措施防治土传根部病害，操作都较为困难，迫切需要开发环境友好的生物防治技术。本研究从森林土壤分离鉴定一株短密木霉菌株BF06，通过对峙培养发现该菌株可以附着和缠绕病原菌的菌丝，对引起黄瓜枯萎病、茎基腐病、菌核病、根腐病和疫病的病原菌Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum，Rhizoctonia solani，Sclerotinia sclerotiorum，F. solani f. sp. cucurbitae，and Phytophthora cryptogea具有较强的拮抗作用。温室盆栽试验发现短密木霉菌株BF06可以迅速附着定殖于黄瓜根部表面，对上述5种黄瓜根部病害的防效达60%以上，对黄瓜枯萎病和茎基腐病的防效分别为90.4和88.8%。此外，利用植物组织培养基培养观察发现BF06显著地促进幼苗黄瓜侧根的形成和生长。本研究的结果表明短密木霉菌株BF06是一种可以有效防治黄瓜根部病害的新生防资源。

关键词: Trichoderma brevicompactum, 拮抗, 黄瓜, 土传病菌, 植物生长调控

Abstract: Soil-borne diseases of cucumber have become the most important factor limiting cucumber production in China as a consequence of continuous cropping. These diseases are difficult to control by chemical and agricultural measures, and biocontrol is a desirable alternative strategy. Trichoderma brevicompactum strain BF06 isolated from forest soil exhibited strong antagonistic activity against five soil-borne phytopathogenic pathogens:Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, F. solani f. sp. cucurbitae, and Phytophthora cryptogea that cause cucumber fusarium wilt, basal stem rot, sclerotinia rot, root rot, and phytophthora blight, respectively. Greenhouse experiments indicated that control effects of BF06 on the five cucumber root diseases exceeded 60%; notably, up to 90.4 and 88.8% on cucumber fusarium wilt and basal stem rot, respectively. In addition, BF06 improved plant growth by increasing the length of lateral shoots and number of lateral roots. Our results indicated that T. brevicompactum is a novel resource of potential biocontrol agents for effectively controlling cucumber root diseases caused by soil-borne pathogens.

Key words: Trichoderma brevicompactum, antagonism, cucumber, soil-borne pathogens, plant growth regulation

中图分类号:

S476

李进一, 卢彩鸽, 刘霆, 刘伟成, 苏海佳. 短密木霉新菌株BF06对黄瓜土传病害的防治效果与促生作用[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2018, 34(3): 449-460.

LI Jinyi, LU Caige, LIU Ting, LIU Weicheng, SU Haijia. Trichoderma brevicompactum BF06, a novel strain with potential for biocontrol of soil-borne diseases and promotion of plant growth of cucumber[J]. journal1, 2018, 34(3): 449-460.

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