魔鬼辣椒炭疽病的病原菌分离鉴定及生防芽孢杆菌筛选

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2026.02.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 从福建省泉州市德化县采集具有典型辣椒炭疽病症状的魔鬼辣椒病果，采用组织分离法进行病原菌分离；基于ITS-CHS-GAPDH基因序列构建系统发育树，结合形态学特征及柯赫氏法则进行病原菌鉴定；并采用抑菌带法筛选出对辣椒炭疽病菌具有拮抗作用的芽孢杆菌。结果表明，从辣椒病果分离到26株疑似炭疽病菌菌株，其中19株鉴定为平头炭疽菌Colletotrichum truncatum,7株鉴定为斯高维尔炭疽菌C.scovillei，分离率分别为73.08%和26.92%，且存在复合侵染现象。经筛选，分别获得14株和15株分别对平头炭疽菌和斯高维尔炭疽菌具有拮抗作用的芽孢杆菌。室内盆栽试验结果表明，上述拮抗菌对平头炭疽菌和斯高维尔炭疽菌引起的辣椒炭疽病的防效分别为7.00%～73.68%和10.78%～99.02%；有5株拮抗菌对斯高维尔炭疽菌的防效达70%以上，其中枯草芽孢杆菌BS-11709防效最高，达99.02%；仅枯草芽孢杆菌BS-10566对平头炭疽菌和斯高维尔炭疽菌引起的辣椒炭疽病均显示出良好防效，分别为73.68%和82.35%。本研究为辣椒炭疽病的生物防治提供新的菌株资源。

关键词: 辣椒, 炭疽病, 平头炭疽菌, 斯高维尔炭疽菌, 生防菌, 芽孢杆菌

Abstract: The devil pepper fruits with typical anthracnose symptoms were collected from Dehua County, Quanzhou City, Fujian Province. The pathogens were isolated by using the tissue isolation method and identified by using a multi-locus phylogenetic tree of ITS-CHS-GAPDH, combining with morphological characteristics and Koch's rule. Meanwhile, the antagonistic Bacillus strains against the anthracnose pathogens were screened via the antimicrobial zone method. The results showed that a total of 26 pathogen isolates were obtained, 19 and 7 of them were identified as Colletotrichum truncatum and Colletotrichum scovillei, with isolation frequencies of 73.08% and 26.92%, respectively. Moreover, compound infections by C. truncatum and C. scovillei were found in some pepper fruits. Subsequently, 14 and 15 Bacillus strains with antagonistic effects against C. truncatum and C. scovillei were obtained by inhibition zone tests, respectively. The results of the pot experiments showed that the control efficacies of the above-mentioned antagonistic Bacillus strains against the pepper anthracnose caused by C. truncatum and C. scovillei were 7%-73.68% and 10.78%-99.02%, respectively. Moreover, 5 antagonistic Bacillus strains had more than 70% of control efficacies against the pepper anthracnose caused by C. scovillei, and that of the strain B. subtilis BS-11709 achieved up to 99.02%. Additionally, only the strain B. subtilis BS-10566 exhibited good control efficacies against the pepper anthracnose caused by both C. truncatum and C. scovillei, being 73.68% and 82.35%, respectively. This study provided new Bacillus strain resources for biocontrol of the pepper anthracnose.

Key words: pepper, anthracnose, Colletotrichum truncatum, Colletotrichum scovillei, biocontrol bacterium, Bacillus

中图分类号:

S476

杨晨, 陈杏, 张亚, 陈燕萍, 刘双清, 王阶平. 魔鬼辣椒炭疽病的病原菌分离鉴定及生防芽孢杆菌筛选[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2026, 42(3): 685-694.

YANG Chen, CHEN Xing, ZHANG Ya, CHEN Yanping, LIU Shuangqing, WANG Jieping. Isolation and Identification of Anthracnose Pathogens in Devil Pepper and Screening of Biocontrol Bacillus Strains[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2026, 42(3): 685-694.

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