兰州百合防病促生细菌筛选及其效果评价

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2022.06.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为解决兰州百合连作障碍所引起的一系列土壤问题，并为枯萎病等土传病害提供安全有效的防治方法，本研究从健康兰州百合根际土壤中筛选得到防病促生菌140株，其中有拮抗能力菌81株，溶有机磷菌102株，溶无机磷菌82株，固氮菌118株，解钾菌32株。通过定量测定，选取功能优良的菌株若干，随机组合发酵后测定各组合拮抗、溶磷、固氮及解钾性能，得到5组优良组合（BP1～BP5），经Topsis综合分析得知组合BP5性能最优。对组合BP5所涉及的4株进行鉴定，JK21为耐寒短杆菌Brevibacterium frigoritolerans，JK22为蜡样芽胞杆菌Bacillus cereus，N11、M40为枯草芽胞杆菌Bacillus subtilis。以BP5制作菌剂，测定其防病促生能力发现，菌剂防效良好，在68%以上；百合产量提升，单株总小鳞茎鲜重比对照组（CK）增加40 g左右；百合品质提升，可溶性糖、还原糖、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、Vc和flavone含量均升高，粗灰分和粗纤维的含量降低；土壤质量得到改善，速效钾、碱解氮、土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶和碱性磷酸酶的含量升高显著，根际土壤中固氮基因、好氧自生固氮菌和厌氧自生固氮菌含量均显著增高。以上结果表明：菌剂BP5组合，能够解决百合连做障碍，改善土壤质量。

关键词: 兰州百合, 枯萎病, 防病促生, 枯草芽胞杆菌

Abstract: A serious of soil problems were caused by lily continuous cropping in Lanzhou,from which the soil-borne diseases such as Fusarium wilt were prominent.There were many functional strains in the rhizosphere of healthy lily,and 140 strains with plant disease-control and growth-promoting function were screened in this study,so as to provide safe and effective biocontrol methods against soil-borne diseases.Among all the strains,81 had antagonistic ability,102 with organophosphorus phosphate solubilization capacity,82 with inorganic phosphate solubilization capacity,118 with nitrogen-fixing capacity and 32 with potassium solubilization capacity.Then their abilities were quantified and several strains with excellent abilities were selected for random combination fermentation,and the capacities of the combinations were determined,respectively.Topsis comprehensive analysis showed BP5 was the best of the 5 excellent selected combinations (BP1~BP5),which contained 4 strains of bacteria.JK21 was identified as Brevibacterium frigoritolerans,JK22 was Bacillus cereus,both N11 and M40 were Bacillus subtilis.BP5 was used as the formula to make the microbial inoculum and demonstrated excellent capacities,with the disease-control effect above 68%,both the yield and the quality increased.The fresh weight of the bulb increased by 40 g compared with control group (CK),and the soluble sugar,reducing sugar,crude protein,crude fat,Vc and flavone increased,while crude ash and crude fiber decreased.Besides,the soil quality,such as available potassium,alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen,soil urease,sucrase and alkaline phosphatase,increased significantly,and the nitrogen-fixing genes,aerobic and anaerobic autogenous nitrogen-fixing bacteria increased significantly in rhizosphere soil.The above results indicated that the BP5 combination could solve the continuous cultivation obstacle of Lanzhou lily and improve soil quality.

Key words: Lanzhou lily, Fusarium wilt, disease-control and growth-promoting, Bacillus subtilis

中图分类号:

S476

李雪萍, 张怡忻, 李建军, 许世洋, 漆永红, 荆卓琼, 郭致杰, 李敏权. 兰州百合防病促生细菌筛选及其效果评价[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2022, 38(5): 1296-1307.

LI Xueping, ZHANG Yixin, LI Jianjun, XU Shiyang, QI Yonghong, JING Zhuoqiong, GUO Zhijie, LI Minquan. Screening of Disease-control and Growth-Promoting Bacteria and Their Effecs on Lanzhou Lily[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2022, 38(5): 1296-1307.

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