长枝木霉可湿性粉剂对北苍术立枯病的防治效果

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2025.02.082

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为确定研制的木霉可湿性粉剂（wetting powders，WP）不同使用方法对北苍术立枯病的防治效果和促生效果，本研究通过对峙培养法、平皿对扣法筛选出长枝木霉TR₉后，测定了长枝木霉TR₉可湿性粉剂不同施用方法对北苍术立枯病的防治效果和对北苍术幼苗的促生效果。结果表明：长枝木霉TR₉菌株对立枯丝核菌的抑菌率为82.39%，挥发性代谢产物的抑菌率为70.98%；药种比为1:30的TR₉ WP拌种后对北苍术立枯病的温室防治效果为87.33%，北苍术成苗率为92.67%；北苍术一级根茎和二级根茎粗度也以药种比1:30的TR₉ WP拌种最高，分别为0.780 cm和0.543 cm；同时，该菌剂还提高了北苍术叶面积和叶绿素a含量，分别为10.61 cm²和1.811 mg/g，显著高于多菌灵拌种CK和清水CK。用药种比1:30的长枝木霉TR₉ WP对北苍术种子拌种后，苗期再用200倍TR₉ WP灌根对北苍术立枯病的田间防治效果为83.07%，与精甲·咯菌腈灌根的防治效果差异不显著。因此表明长枝木霉TR₉ WP可用于防治北苍术立枯病。

关键词: 长枝木霉, 可湿性粉剂, 北苍术立枯病, 防治效果

Abstract: To evaluate the control efficacy of Trichoderma wettable powder (WP) against seedling blight, an important disease caused Atractylodes chinensis seedling death, and its growth-promoting effects on A. chinensis under different application methods, TR₉ strain of Trichoderma longibrachiatum was screened using dual culture and plate-on-plate assays. The control efficacy of different application methods of Trichoderma WP on seedling blight and its growth-promoting effects on A. chinensis seedlings were tested in the field. The results showed that inhibition rate of T. longibrachiatum TR₉ and its volatile metabolites against R. solani were 82.39% and 70.98%, respectively. Greenhouse experiments indicated that seed dressing with TR₉ WP 1:30 and seed quality ratio resulted in a control efficacy of 87.33% against A. chinensis seedling blight, with a seedling survival rate of 92.67%. Among the surviving seedlings， the rhizome diameters of grade Ⅰ and grade Ⅱ seedlings were also the highest in the 1:30 of TR₉ WP seed dressing treatment, reaching 0.780 cm and 0.543 cm, respectively. Additionally, TR₉ WP significantly increased the leaf area and chlorophyll a content of A. chinensis to 10.61 cm² and 1.811 mg/g, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the carbendazim WP seed dressing control and the water control. Field trials demonstrated that seed dressing with 1:30 of TR₉ WP, followed by root irrigation with TR₉ WP 200-fold dilution at the seedling stage, achieved a control efficacy of 83.07% against A. chinensis seedling blight, showing no significant difference from the control efficacy of 83.61% achieved by root irrigation with metalaxyl·fludioxonil. It can be concluded that Trichoderma longibrachiatum TR₉ WP can be used to control A. chinensis seedling blight.

Key words: Trichoderma longibrachiatum, wetting powder, Atractylodes chinensi seeding blight, control efficiency

中图分类号:

A476+.12

张宇萍, 李雨锜, 高玉峰, 芦国嫣, 范海荣, 杨从州, 贺字典, 陈捷. 长枝木霉可湿性粉剂对北苍术立枯病的防治效果[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2025, 41(6): 1421-1429.

ZHANG Yuping, LI Yuqi, GAO Yufeng, LU Guoyan, FAN Hairong, YANG Congzhou, HE Zidian, CHEN Jie. Biocontrol Efficiency of Trichoderma longibrachiatum Wettable Powder on Atractylodes chinensis Seeding Blight Caused by Rhizoctonia solani[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2025, 41(6): 1421-1429.

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