Screening of Endophytic Fungi of Andrographis paniculata Resistant to Ralstonia solanacearum Infecting Peanuts and Study of Their Inhibitory Components

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2025.02.028

Abstract

Abstract: To identify potential biocontrol strains against peanut bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, we screened endophytic fungi of Andrographis paniculata leaves using the Oxford cup inhibition method. A strain with strong inhibitory activity against R. solanacearum was isolated and identified as Colletotrichum sp. CXL-11 based on morphological characteristics and 16S rDNA phylogenetic analysis. We further investigated its antibacterial mechanism through co-culture experiments and analyzed the antifungal components in its fermentation extract using LC-MS metabolomics. The bioactivity of selected metabolites against R. solanacearum was also validated. The results showed that the fermentation extract of CXL-11 produced an inhibition zone of 19.08 mm against R. solanacearum, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.625 mg/mL. The extract disrupted the membrane integrity of R. solanacearum, causing surface shrinkage and deformation of bacterial cells, and induced oxidative stress through the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Metabolomic analysis revealed that the primary antifungal components were polyketides and coumarins, including isogentisin, bergapten, scopoletin, scopolin, and esculetin, all of which exhibited inhibitory effects against R. solanacearum. The biosynthesis pathway of cofactors was identified as a key mechanism underlying the antibacterial activity of CXL-11. In conclusion, the endophytic fungus Colletotrichum sp. CXL-11 demonstrates significant potential as a biocontrol agent for peanut bacterial wilt. This study provides theoretical support for the development of natural antimicrobial agents and highlights the promising application of CXL-11 in sustainable disease management.

Key words: Ralstonia solanacearum infecting peanuts, endophytic fungi, inhibition active substances, biological control

CLC Number:

S476

HUANG Jin, HU Jinwen, DING Mei, YANG Fan, LUO Wenrong, DU Qin. Screening of Endophytic Fungi of Andrographis paniculata Resistant to Ralstonia solanacearum Infecting Peanuts and Study of Their Inhibitory Components[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2025, 41(2): 396-410.

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